明清时期藏传佛教格鲁派寺院的领域化——以佑宁寺为例  

The Territorialization of the Gelugs Sect of Tibetan Buddhism in the Ming and Qing Dynasties: A Case Study of You-ning Temple

作　　者：刘明明 欧阳军[1] LIU Mingming;OUYANG Jun(School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631

出　　处：《热带地貌》2022年第1期65-70,共6页Tropical Geomorphology

摘　　要：藏传佛教寺院曾是地方宗教、政治和文化的中心,是宗教活动和民族文化的聚集地。佑宁寺被尊称为“湟北诸寺之母”,明清时期曾经具有极大的领域和权力。本文将佑宁寺选为研究对象,运用文献阅读法和访谈法搜集数据,整理得到历史文献和一手访谈材料;研究佑宁寺的领域化、去领域化和再领域化的历史演进进程背后的机制,进而分析寺院领域化背后的中央与地方的权力博弈。本文得到以下结论:寺院的领域化过程是普遍存在的,寺院的权力和领域在不同阶段对权力主体管辖边疆地区的作用变化,会导致寺院进行领域化-去领域化-再领域化进程。中央与地方的关系、民族关系和地方政权等多因素会影响寺院的领域。中央王朝也会通过制定宗教政策调整寺院领域和权力,确保寺院有利于稳定边疆统治,维护民族关系。中央与地方关系稳定、社会政治局势安稳的社会背景有利于寺院的领域化。Tibetan Buddhist temples used to be the center of local religion,politics and culture,and the gathering place of religious activities and national culture.You-ning temple is honored as"the mother of the temples in the north of Huang".It once had great territory and power in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.This paper selects You-ning temple as the research object,collects data by using literature reading and interview methods,and sorts out historical documents and first-hand interview materials;This paper studies the mechanism behind the historical process of the regionalization,deregionalization and re-regionalization of You-ning temple,and then analyzes the power game between the central and local governments behind the religious regionalization in northwest frontier minority areas.This paper draws the following conclusions:the process of temple regionalization is universal.The change of the role of temple power and domain in the frontier areas under the jurisdiction of the power subject at different stages will lead to the process of temple regionalization,de-regionalization and re-regionalization.Many factors such as the relationship between the central and local governments,ethnic relations and local political power will affect the field of monasteries.The central dynasty will also adjust the field and power of monasteries by formulating religious policies to ensure that monasteries are conducive to stabilizing border rule and maintaining ethnic relations.The social background of stable relations between the central and local governments and stable social and political situation is conducive to the regionalization of monasteries.

关 键 词：藏传佛教 领域化 佑宁寺 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] K878.6[历史地理—中国史] TU-098.3[建筑科学—建筑理论]