前摄与滞留如何在流畅的审美时体中接合?——论英加登在描述与概括之间的纠结与窘迫  

Protention and Retention Joining in a Fluid Aesthetic Tense and Aspect?——On Ingarden’s Tension and Dilemma between Description and Generalization

作　　者：刘彦顺 LIU Yan-shun

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学文学院,徐州221116

出　　处：《求是学刊》2022年第4期172-180,共9页Seeking Truth

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“现象学美学中的时间性思想及其效应研究”(16BZW024)

摘　　要：英加登通过对文学阅读-审美时间意识域时位构成的精细描述所显现的见识,往往高出其通过概括所表达的现象学还原思想,两者时常纠缠、编结在一起。第一,他在描述中不自觉地涉及到审美时间意识域在时体上的流畅性,却在概括中把语音视为边缘域的附属物,也没有看到读者与文学作品诸层次是以绝对同时性的方式共属一体的。第二,他通过描述彰显了意义层-审美时体原发的流畅性,却在概括中把流畅视为句子生成活动。这源于他对现象学还原中客观剩余物的执念,在事中与事后、原发与回忆之间纠结不已。第三,他在描述中把前摄视为审美时间意识域涌流的生产者,并使滞留与前摄接合为原发的流畅时体,却在概括中把文学作品语言的固定位置关系误认为审美时位的运动方向,也没有揭示滞留在审美时间意识域所处的背景-空间位置。The insight that Ingarden reveals through his fine description of the temporal composition of the domain of literary reading-aesthetic time consciousness is often higher than his phenomenological reduction idea expressed through generalization,and the two are often entangled and knitted together.First,he unconsciously deals with the fluidity of the aesthetic temporal consciousness domain in the tense and aspect in his descriptions,but treats speech as an appendage of the edge domain in his generalizations,and fails to see that the reader and the levels of the literary work are co-identical in a way of absolute simultaneity.Second,he manifests the fluency of the meaning layer-aesthetic tense and aspect through description,but treats fluency as a sentence-generating activity in generalization.This stems from his obsession with the objective residue in the phenomenological reduction,torn between the in-event and the after-event,the proto-emergence and the recollection.Thirdly,he regards the preoccupation as the producer of the influx of the aesthetic time consciousness domain in his description and makes the stagnation join the preoccupation as the fluent tense body of the progenitor,but mistakes the fixed positional relation of the language of the literary work as the direction of movement of the aesthetic time position in his generalization,and fails to reveal the background-spatial position in which the stagnation is located in the aesthetic time consciousness domain.

关 键 词：英加登 审美时间意识 流畅 审美时体 滞留 前摄 

分 类 号：I01[文学—文学理论]