基于免像控技术的无人机测图方法及精度分析  

UAV mapping method and accuracy analysis based on the image-free control technology

作　　者：张江华 宁黎平[1] ZHANG Jianghua;NING Liping(College of Geological Engineering,Qinghai University,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学地质工程系,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《青海大学学报》2022年第6期100-106,共7页Journal of Qinghai University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42062019)

摘　　要：为了提高无人机测图精度及免像控条件下与布设像控点条件下的成图精度,本文通过结合无人机免像控技术和连续运行参考站系统,获取了实验测区的影像数据。首先,基于Pix4Dmapper软件获得数字正射影像、数字地表模型和密集点云数据;再利用Global Mapper软件编辑密集点云数据并提取高程数据,用CASS9.1软件生成数字线画地图;最后根据实时动态载波相位差分技术实测特征点三维坐标,并对计算机拾取点位的三维坐标数据进行精度评价。结果表明:(1)免像控条件下平面点位中误差为0.066 m,高程点位中误差为0.075 m。(2)布设像控点条件下平面点位中误差为0.045 m,高程点位中误差为0.058 m。由此得出平面精度提高了0.021 m,高程精度提高了0.017 m。研究结果可为提高无人机测图精度与效率提供理论依据。The image data of the experimental survey area are obtained by combining UAV image-free control technology and continuous operation reference station system to improve the mapping accuracy of UAV and the mapping accuracy under the conditions of image-free control and image control point deployment.Digital Orthophoto Map(DOM),Digital Surface Model(DSM) and dense point cloud data are obtained based on Pix4 Dmapper.Global Mapper is used to edit dense point cloud data and extract elevation data.CASS9.1 is used to generate digital line drawing map.According to real-time dynamic carrier phase difference technology, the three-dimensional coordinates of feature points are measured, and the accuracy of the data picked up by the computer is evaluated as well.The results show that:(1)The mean square error of plane point is 0.066 m and the mean square error of elevation point is 0.075 m without image control.(2) The mean square error of plane point position is 0.045 m and the mean square error of elevation point position is 0.058 m under the condition of setting image control points.It can be concluded that the plane accuracy is improved by 0.021 m and the elevation accuracy is improved by 0.017 m.The research results can provide a theoretical basis for improving the mapping accuracy and efficiency of UAVs.

关 键 词：无人机 数字正射影像 数字地表模型 数字线画地图 精度评价 

分 类 号：P231[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感] TP391.41[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]