西辽在西伯利亚南部活动觅踪  

Qara Khitai's Activities in Southern Siberia

作　　者：杨富学[1] 葛启航 YANG Fu-xue;GE Qi-hang(Humanities Research Department of Dunhuang Research Academy,Lanzhou 730030,China)

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院人文研究部,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期73-78,共6页Journal of Qinghai Normal University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“敦煌中外关系史料的整理与研究”(19ZDA198)

摘　　要：约在1131年春,耶律大石进攻喀什噶尔,失败后经由龟兹、塔尔巴哈台、阿尔泰山、曲漫山(萨彦岭)而至叶尼塞河流域黠戛斯之地,又被逐,最终落脚于叶密立地区。1175年阿尔泰山东西的乃蛮部叛附金朝,西辽在西伯利亚南部的活动被大大削弱。西辽建国之初,其疆域即抵达叶尼塞河上游地区,耶律大石很可能是以谦谦州为基地进攻黠戛斯的。西辽在南西伯利亚一带的活动,在文献中仅有少量信息可以觅踪。例如鄂毕河源头的湖泊在16世纪的文献中还被称作契丹湖,另外,“契丹”一名还曾经出现在鄂毕河乌戈尔人的英雄史诗中。今希什希德河以北流入安加拉河的一些支流被称作契丹河,抑或表明西辽曾在南西伯利亚一带活动过。In the spring of 1131,YelüDashi attacked Kashgar,after failing,he passed through Kucha,Chuguchak,Altai and Quman Mountains(Sayan Ridge)to the Qyrghyz area in the Yenisei River basin,and was driven out again,finally settled in Emil area.In 1175,the Naiman tribes in the east and west of the Altai Mountains rebelled against the Jin Dynasty,and the activities of Qara Khitai in southern Siberia were greatly weakened.At the beginning of the founding of the Qara Khitai,its territory reached the upper reaches of the Yenisei River.YelüDashi was probably based in Qam Kemchit to attack Qyrghyz.There is only a small amount of information in the literature about the activities of Qara Khitai in southern Siberia.For example,the lake at the source of the Ob River was also called Qidan Lake in the documents of the 16th century.In addition,the name"Khitans"once appeared in the heroic epic of the Ugor people of the Ob River.Some of the tributaries that flow into the Angara River to the north of the current Hishid River are known as the Khitan River,or it may indicate that Qara Khitai has been active in southern Siberia.

关 键 词：西辽 耶律大石 南西伯利亚 黠戛斯 

分 类 号：K246.1[历史地理—历史学]