基于语料库的概念隐喻“人生是赛跑”英语表征认知研究  

A Corpus-based Cognitive Study of the Conceptual Metaphor LIFE IS A RACE in English

作　　者：廖燕 黄洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学外国语学院,430074

出　　处：《外语教育》2020年第1期65-80,共16页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：本文基于Lakoff、Johnson(1980)的概念隐喻理论和Fillmore(1982)的框架语义学理论,以概念隐喻"人生是赛跑"为研究对象,以MetaNet为概念结构分析工具,分析其概念框架结构及隐喻映射,并以COCA语料库为语料来源,以Pragglejaz Group(2007)的MIP为隐喻识别方法,分析概念隐喻"人生是赛跑"在英语中的表征。研究表明,"赛跑"语义框架包括参与者、赛跑和物品三类要素,表征这些概念要素的英语词汇被广泛用于表达"人生"概念。这些词语的隐喻性用法频率存在明显差异,高频词汇表明该概念隐喻常用于表达个人或社会群体在人生中充满竞争,追求领先地位和平等竞争的特点,存在表征非核心要素的词汇隐喻义频率高的情况,验证了Kovecses(2005)的"主要意义焦点"观以及Potts、Semino(2019)和Oka、Takashi Kusumi(2020)关于区别性特征的观点,说明不同的隐喻表达凸显概念的不同侧面。In this paper,we conduct an analysis of the conceptual metaphor LIFE IS A RACE,on the basis of Lakoff&Johnson’s(1980)Conceptual Metaphor Theory and Fillmore’s(1982)Frame Semantics.Using the MetaNet as the conceptual structure tool,we analyze the conceptual frame and metaphorical mappings of LIFE IS A RACE,and identify metaphorical English expressions elicited from COCA with reference to the Pragglejaz Group(2007)’s MIP.The study concludes that words representing the conceptual elements of the RACE frame in terms of three major aspects,namely PEOPLE,RACE and ENTITIES,are widely used to conceptualize LIFE.Words in metaphorical use in the RACE frame differ greatly in frequency and words with high frequency indicate that the LIFE IS A RACE metaphor often refers to the competitiveness of one’s life,in particular,some words representing the non-core elements enjoy a high frequency of metaphorical usage.This validates Kovecses’s(2005)"main meaning focus"and the"distinctive features"discussed in Potts&Semino(2019)and Oka&Takashi Kusumi(2020),indicating that different metaphorical expressions profile different aspects of the concept.

关 键 词：概念隐喻 框架语义学 人生 赛跑 语料库 

分 类 号：H315[语言文字—英语]