气氛美学的具身性与环境探析——兼论唐宋士大夫园林的审美氛围与塑造  

Analysis of the Embodiment and Surroundings of Atmospheric Aesthetics--Also on Aesthetic Atmosphere of Literati-Bureaucrats'Gardens in Tang and Song Dynasties

作　　者：刘慧姝[1] Huishu LIU(South China Normal University)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学文学院

出　　处：《马克思主义美学研究》2022年第2期2-16,464,共16页Research on Marxist Aesthetics

摘　　要：感性知觉作为格诺特·波默生态学的自然美学主题,他将感触、情感与想象融入丰富的感性之中,美学研究的中心议题成为周遭世界的各种质与我们的处境感受之间的关联,审美工作决定了人能以何种方式身体性地经验自己。波默修改了传统的物存在论,气氛在其身体性的在场中,是通过主体在空间中的身体性的处境感受来察觉的。波默的观点在一定程度上解放了审美理论,使得审美工作回到我们的视野中。气氛具有现实性、综合性的功能,它整合了主体和对象,揭示了客体的对象性属性与笼罩其气氛之间的关联,体现了一种居间性的存在。中国园林艺术将天地山水与人心才情同构,虽然异质但可互相感应,融通一体。造园的手法体现了气氛与主体的交互感知,展现了古代文人尊重自然与和谐社会的终极关怀。造景之实与天地之虚相辅相生,士人艺术心灵与宇宙意象互相摄入映照,这种意境超越了时间与空间,士人之诗情、园景之画意、四时之物景、虚空之畅远,具有大写意的气氛,氤氲着浑然一体的时空韵味、人生襟怀,呈现从有限的一方天地到无限的宇宙寰宇的各种韵致情怀。Taking perceptual perception as a natural aesthetic theme of his ecological thoughts,Gernot Bohme combines feeling,emotion and imagination into rich sensibility.Connections between various qualities of the surrounding world and our situational feelings has become a central topic of aesthetic research.Aesthetic work determines the way in which a person physically experience himself.Bohme modifies the traditional ontology of things,thinking atmosphere in its physical presence is perceived through subject's physical situational feelings in space.To some extent,Bohme's view emancipates aesthetic theory,bringing back aesthetic work into our vision.Atmosphere is realistic and comprehensive.It integrates subjects and objects,revealing the relationship between the objectivity of objects and the atmosphere that covers it,performing as an intermediary existence.Chinese garden art integrates human talents and feelings with natural landscapes,which are heterogeneous,but interact harmoniously with each other.Garden building reflects the interaction between atmosphere and subjects,manifesting the ultimate concern of ancient literati to respect nature and build a harmonious society.The reality of landscape and the metaphysical feelings towards heaven and earth complement each other.The artistic mind of the literati and the image of the universe reflect each other.This artistic conception transcends time and space,combining the nature and people's sophisticated thoughts of life and art,and presenting a variety of rhythmic feelings from a limited world to an infinite universe.

关 键 词：气氛美学 新美学 身体性 物的迷狂 造园 

分 类 号：B83-0[哲学宗教—美学]