基于“双链”模式的石油物资多级质控体系构建  

Construction of Multi-level Quality Control System for Petroleum Materials Based on the "Double-chain" Model

作　　者：张潇元 王鹏[1] Zhang Xiaoyuan;Wang Peng(Southwest Oil and Gasfield Materials Company of CNPC,Chengdu 610021,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油西南油气田物资分公司,四川成都610021

出　　处：《科技管理研究》2023年第4期177-184,共8页Science and Technology Management Research

基　　金：中国石油集团公司内部项目“基于区块链技术的中国石油物资质控水平提升研究”(20210310-10)

摘　　要：我国现有石油物资质控体系因缺乏真实有效的信息共享机制和方法,难以对发生的质量事件进行快速响应,而区块链具备的去中心化、不可篡改性、高隐私性、智能合约等特征能够实现过程信息的公开透明和无法篡改,提高信息共享效率。基于此,提出将区块链的私有链及联盟链相结合的“双链”模式下石油物资质控信息共享模型,通过私有链降低联盟链中的数据处理量,保障联盟链的便捷高效,同时联盟链对私有链中各节点的权限进行审核授权,对相关产品的生产过程信息进行验证,以此打破信息共享与追溯机制中的条块分割障碍。其中,基于哈希函数和哈希树功能定位抓取各私有链中记录的相关信息,完成质量问题的追溯流程,同时确保信息收集、储存和共享等过程中数据的真实可靠。由于区块链技术在石油物资质控领域仍未得到广泛运用,未来有关研究还应继续从提高区块链的信息处理效率、增加储存容量等方面着手,石油物资管理部门也应出台相关政策,激励更多企业参与到区块链技术的开发中,以提高行业质量管理水平。Due to the lack of a real and effective information sharing mechanism and method,the current petroleum material quality control system in China has difficulty in responding quickly to quality events that occur.However,the decentralized,tamper-proof,highly private,and smart contract features of blockchain technology can not only achieve transparent and unalterable process information,but also improve information sharing efficiency.Based on this,this paper proposes a"double-chain"model of petroleum material quality control information sharing that combines the private chain and consortium chain of blockchain,which reduces the data processing volume in the consortium chain through the private chain to ensure the convenience and efficiency of the consortium chain;at the same time,the consortium chain audits and authorizes the permissions of nodes in the private chain,verifies the production process information of relevant products,and breaks down the barriers of information sharing and traceability mechanisms.Among them,the hash function and hash tree are used to locate and retrieve relevant information recorded in each private chain to complete the traceability process of quality issues,ensuring the real and reliable data collection,storage,and sharing processes.Because blockchain technology has not been widely used in the field of petroleum material control,future researches should be continued to focus on improving the information processing efficiency of blockchain and increasing storage capacity,and petroleum material management departments should also issue relevant policies to encourage more companies to participate in the development of blockchain technology to improve industry quality management levels.

关 键 词：石油物资质控体系 区块链 私有链 联盟链 信息共享 质量问题追溯 

分 类 号：TP311.13[自动化与计算机技术—计算机软件与理论] F272.7[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] G301[经济管理—企业管理]