混合盐碱胁迫对油莎豆生长及生理性状的影响  

Effect of mixed salt-alkaline stress on growth and physiological characteristics in Cyperus esculentus L.

作　　者：梁培鑫 唐榕 郭睿 刘建国[1] LIANG Peixin;TANG Rong;GUO Rui;LIU Jianguo(Key Laboratory of Oasis Ecology Agriculture of Xinjiang Bingtuan,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832003,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,石河子832003

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2022年第10期185-192,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家重点研发项目(2016YFC0501406);国家大学生创新创业训练项目(202010759003)资助

摘　　要：探究油莎豆在不同浓度混合盐碱胁迫下的生长和生理响应,揭示盐碱胁迫对油莎豆生长发育的影响及其适应机制。试验采用NaCl、Na_(2)SO_(4)、NaHCO_(3)、Na_(2)CO_(3)(12:9:8:1)四种盐分设置不同浓度,进行胁迫处理,分别在油莎豆分蘖期,结豆期和成熟期下测定其生长和生理指标。结果表明:随着盐碱胁迫程度的增加在各个时期油莎豆植株的株高及鲜干重均表现为下降趋势,在分蘖期油莎豆分蘖数和叶片数表现为下降趋势,叶面积表现为先上升后下降的趋势,而在结豆期和成熟期表现相反。各时期油莎豆叶片中丙二醛和脯氨酸含量均表现为上升趋势;可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白含量以及POD、SOD活性则表现为先上升后下降的趋势。表明油莎豆在分蘖期主要通过增加叶面积而保障光合作用,而成熟期油莎豆则主要通过增加新叶及分蘖的方式增加光合作用面积,同时一定程度混合盐碱胁迫下油莎豆可通过增加其叶片内脯氨酸、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白的含量,提高叶片内POD和SOD的活性以抵御盐碱胁迫所带来的伤害。The arms of the study are to explore the growth and physiological responses of Cyperus esculentus to different concentrations of mixed saline alkali stress,and reveal the effects of saline alkali stress on the growth and development of C.esculentus and its adaptive mechanism.NaCl,Na_(2)SO_(4),NaHCO_(3)and Na_(2)CO_(3)(12:9:8:1)were used to set different concentrations for stress treatment,the growth and physiological indexes of C.esculentus were measured at tillering stage,bean stage and ripening stage,respectively.The results showed that,with the increase of salinity and alkali stress,the plant height,fresh and dry weight showed a downward trend in all stages,the number of tillers and leaves showed a downward trend in the tillering stage,the leaf area showed an upward trend firstly and then a downward trend,but the opposite trend in the bean stage and ripening stage.The contents:of MDA and proline in the leaves of C.esculentus showed an upward trend at all stages.The contents of soluble sugar,soluble protein and the activities of POD and SOD increased firstly and then decreased.The results showed that in tillering stage,the photosynthesis was increased mainly by increasing leaf area,while in ripening stage,the photosynthesis was increased mainly by increasing new leaves and tillers.At the same time,under mixed saline alkali stress,the activities of POD and SOD in leaves were increased by increasing the contents of proline,soluble sugar and soluble protein in leaves to resist the damage caused by saline alkali stress.

关 键 词：油莎豆 混合盐碱胁迫 生长发育 生理机制 

分 类 号：S565.9[农业科学—作物学]