基于增量二维主成分分析的非线性转子系统故障诊断方法  

Method of fault diagnosis of nonlinear rotor system based on incremental 2D principal component analysis

作　　者：陈建恩 何晓蕾[1] 刘军 王肖锋 CHEN Jian′en;HE Xiaolei;LIU Jun;WANG Xiaofeng(Tianjin Key Laboratory for Advanced Mechatronic System Design and Intelligent Control,School of Mechanical Engineering,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China;National Demonstration Center for ExperimentalMechanical and Electrical Engineering Education,Tianjin University of Technology,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]天津理工大学机械工程学院天津市先进机电系统设计与智能控制重点实验室,天津300384 [2]天津理工大学机电工程国家级实验教学示范中心,天津300384

出　　处：《光电子．激光》2022年第7期729-738,共10页Journal of Optoelectronics·Laser

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11872274);天津市科研创新项目(2020YJSS052)资助项目

摘　　要：针对智能故障诊断实际应用中存在的故障样本难以大量获取、面对新增故障类别需要一个完整的再训练周期的实时性等问题,提出一种采用增量二维主成分分析(incremental two-dimensional principal component analysis,I2DPCA)对非线性裂纹转子系统进行故障诊断的方法。首先构建水平支撑的非线性裂纹转子系统模型及其动力学方程,分别探究不同裂纹深度和质量偏心参数时系统振动响应的变化特征。其次将时域振动信号归一化为图像样本,由I2DPCA算法提取具有高判别力的低维故障特征。在上述处理基础上,使用k-最近邻(k-nearest neighbor,KNN)分类算法进行识别率的计算。数值仿真及相关实验的研究结果表明,基于I2DPCA算法的故障诊断方法可以在高速区域及小样本情形下有效地区分不同故障状况的信号,为裂纹转子系统的早期故障诊断提供了新的检测策略。In view of practical problems for the difficulty of obtaining large number of fault samples in the field of the intelligent fault diagnosis and problems of the real-time and so on for the need of a complete retraining period in the new fault categories,the new incremental 2D principal component analysis(I2DPCA)method of fault diagnoses is applied in the nonlinear cracked rotor system.Firstly,dynamics equations of a horizontally supported nonlinear rotor system with transverse cracks are established to investigate vibration varying characteristics of the system with different crack depths and mass eccentricity.Secondly,vibration signals in the time domain are normalized to image samples,and low dimension fault features with high discrimination are extracted by the I2DPCA algorithm.Based on the above treatment,the k-nearest neighbor(KNN)classification algorithm is used to calculate the recognition rate.The results of numerical simulations and related experiments show that the fault diagnosis method based on the I2DPCA can effectively distinguish signals of different fault conditions in high rotating speed zone and small samples situation,and provide a new detection strategy for the early diagnosis of cracked rotor systems.

关 键 词：裂纹转子 故障诊断 增量主成分分析 K-最近邻 图像处理 

分 类 号：TH17[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]