不同年龄成年人视疲劳患病率的影响因素分析  

Determinants of Asthenopia among Different Age Groups in Adults

作　　者：林娜 吴小天 张嘉璠 刘勇舜 杨茂元 邓如芝 吕帆 Na Lin;Xiaotian Wu;Jiafan Zhang;Yongshun Liu;Maoyuan Yang;Ruzhi Deng;Fan Lu(Eye Hospital,Wenzhou Medical University,National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases,Wenzhou 325027,China;School of Ophthalmology&Optometry,Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou 325027,China)

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属眼视光医院,国家眼耳鼻喉疾病临床医学研究中心(眼部疾病),温州325027 [2]温州医科大学眼视光学院,温州325027

出　　处：《中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志》2024年第2期89-97,共9页Chinese Journal Of Optometry Ophthalmology And Visual Science

基　　金：中国残联课题残疾人辅助器具专项(2022CDPFAT-23,2021CDPFAT-41);温州市科技局项目(Y2020036);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC2008200)

摘　　要：目的:利用经过验证的普查版视疲劳量表调查分析中国不同年龄成年人视疲劳的患病率及影响因素。方法:横断面调查研究。于2016年6月至2018年6月通过网络发放普查版视疲劳量表5022份进行不同年龄成年人视疲劳调查。采用卡方检验、Bonferroni多重比较法和多因素二元Logistic回归分析3个年龄组(≤20岁、21~50岁和>50岁)调查对象视疲劳的患病率和性别、年龄、居住地湿润度、居住地城乡特征、职业种类、每日近距离用眼时间、每日睡眠时间、睡眠质量及眼部手术史的关系。结果:最终收集有效量表2870份(有效应答率57.1%)。2870例调查对象年龄18~83(30.7±15.9)岁,视疲劳患病率为40.4%。多因素分析显示较大的年龄[OR=1.02,95%可信区间(CI):1.01~1.03]、更差的睡眠质量(一般OR=1.80,95%CI:1.51~2.13;差OR=4.99,95%CI:3.72~6.71)和每日近距离用眼时间超过8 h(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.10~2.03)是视疲劳的危险因素(均P<0.05);职业为非白领(蓝领OR=0.56,95%CI:0.41~0.78;其他OR=0.71,95%CI:0.58~0.86)是保护因素(均P<0.05)。≤20岁组,更差的睡眠质量(一般OR=2.43,95%CI:1.69~3.50;差OR=7.44,95%CI:3.50~15.80)是危险因素(均P<0.001);21~50岁组,更差的睡眠质量(一般OR=1.79,95%CI:1.43~2.23;差OR=5.35,95%CI:3.67~7.80)和每日近距离用眼时间超过8 h(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.08~2.85)是危险因素(均P<0.05);>50岁组,睡眠质量和每日近距离用眼时间并非影响因素(均P>0.05)。结论:视疲劳在中国成年人中较常见,睡眠质量差、白领、每日近距离用眼时间超过8 h和年龄增加是相关危险因素。不同年龄成年人视疲劳的影响因素不同:睡眠质量差是≤20岁人群的危险因素,睡眠质量差和每日近距离用眼时间超过8 h是21~50岁人群的危险因素,睡眠质量和每日近距离用眼时间不是>50岁人群的危险因素。Objective:To investigate the prevalence of asthenopia among adults of different ages in China and determine the contributing factors using a reliable and validated survey.Methods:A cross-sectional online survey employing the 11-Item Asthenopia Survey Questionnaire was conducted from June 2016 to June 2018,involving 5022 participants in China.The Chi-square test,Bonferroni multiple comparison method and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to identify independent factors associated with asthenopia in three age subgroups(≤20 year-old,21-50 year-old and>50 year-old),such as gender,residential humidity,characteristics of the residential area,occupation type,daily eye use time for near work,daily sleep time,sleep quality,and any history of eye surgery.Results:Among the 2870 participants who completed the survey(effective response rate 57.1%),their average age was 30.7±15.9 years old,ranging from 18 to 83 years old,and the prevalence of asthenopia was 40.4%.Multivariate analysis showed that older age[OR=1.02,95%confidence interval(CI):1.01-1.03],worse sleep quality(moderate OR=1.80,95%CI:1.51-2.13;bad OR=4.99,95%CI:3.72-6.71),and daily eye use time for near work more than 8 hours(OR=1.49,95%CI:1.10-2.03)were the risk factors of asthenopia(all P<0.05).Non-white collar occupation(blue collar OR=0.56,95%CI:0.41-0.78;others OR=0.71,95%CI:0.58-0.86)was protective(both P<0.05).In the≤20 year-old group,worse sleep quality(moderate OR=2.43,95%CI:1.69-3.50;bad OR=7.44,95%CI:3.50-15.80)was a risk factor(both P<0.001).In the 21-50 year-old group,worse sleep quality(moderate OR=1.79,95%CI:1.43-2.23;bad OR=5.35,95%CI:3.67-7.80)and daily eye use time for near work more than 8 hours(OR=1.76,95%CI:1.08-2.85)were risk factors(all P<0.05).In the>50 year-old group,daily eye use time for near work and sleep quality were not related(all P>0.05).Conclusions:Asthenopia is common among adults in China,poor sleep quality,white collar workers,daily eye use time for near work of more than 8 hours,and increasing age are related ri

关 键 词：视疲劳 年龄 睡眠质量 近距离用眼时间 

分 类 号：R77[医药卫生—眼科]