申请-考核制博士招生对医学研究生科研及就业发展的影响  

The influence of application-audit system for doctoral enrollment on scientific research ability and employment development of medical graduate students

作　　者：王墨之 董浩然 王翀 徐莹莹[1] Wang Mozhi;Dong Haoran;Wang Chong;Xu Yingying(Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China;Ward of Special Needs,The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院乳腺外科,沈阳110001 [2]中国医科大学附属第一医院特需病房,沈阳110001

出　　处：《中华医学教育探索杂志》2022年第9期1131-1138,共8页Chinese Journal of Medical Education Research

摘　　要：目的本研究在医学类研究生视角下调查分析申请-考核制与其他不同招生途径相比,对博士研究生科研能力的培养、应聘就业与发展的影响,调查不同类型研究生对申请-考核制博士招生途径的认可度与期望值,旨在评估及优化现有的申请-考核制招生途径。方法通过自编问卷进行调查分析不同阶段和类型医学研究生对申考制相关问题的看法。利用Excel和SPSS进行频数统计、卡方检验和独立样本t检验。结果在完成论文发表方面,申考制博士倾向于在读前两年[38.71%(12/31),35.48%(11/31)]完成博士毕业发表论文的要求,而统招和硕博连读博士生多于第二年[33.33%(10/30)]和第三年[40.54%(15/37)]完成论文发表(P=0.021)。在申请阶段所需材料对博士阶段科研的价值上,74.19%(23/31)申考生和48.65%(18/37)硕博连读生认为科研成果帮助最大,而统招生认为带来最大助力的是外语[26.67%(8/30)],各组间差异有统计学意义(P=0.002)。在申考制招生的公平性认可方面,71.53%(304/425)研究生认为是公平的,硕士阶段所在院校(P=0.001)和硕士学位性质(P=0.001)显著影响研究生对申考制公平性的认可度。结论申考制博士研究生在科研能力培养与学术成果方面均有优势,对提升我国高水平医学类科研人员的储备作用显著,在医学类研究生群体中的认可度与影响力均较高。未来将优化申考制,打造出最适合我国国情的医学类博士招生途径。Objective To investigate and analyze the differences of PhD student scientific research ability,employment and development among types of postgraduate students that admitted by various of doctoral admissions under the perspective of medical students to assess and optimize the existing applications-audit system(AAS).Methods A self-compiled questionnaire was used to investigate the opinions of medical students at different grades and types on the AAS related issues.Excel and SPSS were used to perform frequency statistics,chi-square test and independent sample t-test.Results The PhD enrolled from AAS tended to complete the paper-publication at first and second year(38.71%,12/31;35.48%,11/31),while unified enrollment(UE)tended to complete in the second year(33.33%,10/30)and seven-year degree(SYD)in the third year(40.54%,15/37)(P=0.021).In terms of the value of the materials required in the application stage to the doctoral research,74.19%(23/31)of AAS students and 48.65%(18/37)of SYD students believed that scientific research results were the most helpful to the doctoral research process,while UE believed that English helped the most(26.67%,8/30),with significant differences among groups(P=0.002).In terms of fair recognition of enrollment in the application system,71.53%(304/425)of graduate students believed that AAS for doctoral enrollment was fair.The institution(P=0.001)and type of master's degree(P=0.001)significantly affected graduate students'recognition of the fairness of AAS.Conclusion The degree and speed of dissertation completion of the AAS PhD are prior,reflecting the advantages of AAS in the cultivation of medical doctors'scientific academic ability and achievements.The AAS plays a significant role in enhancing the reserve of high-level scientific researchers in China,and has a high recognition and influence in medical students.In the future,the application examination system will be optimized to create the most suitable way for doctoral enrollment in China.

关 键 词：申请-考核制 科研竞争力 研究生 博士招生途径 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]