草鱼、鳊对南方几种牧草的适口性评价研究  

Evaluation of Forages Palatability for Grass Carp and White Bream in Mountain Area of South China

作　　者：冯德庆[1] 黄秀声[1] 唐龙飞[1] 陈钟佃[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农科院农业生态研究所福建省山地草业工程技术研究中心,福建福州350013

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2006年第4期75-78,共4页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：福建省科技厅重点项目(2005N029);福建省农科院课题([2005]263-1);福州市科技攻关项目(2004-45)

摘　　要：研究了草鱼、鳊对南方山区主要高产优质牧草的最大摄食率及适口性,试验表明:冷季牧草品种中,草鱼对营养期黑麦草、鸡脚草的摄食率分别是74.03%、70.09%,显著高于紫花苜蓿,说明营养期黑麦草、鸡脚草的适口性明显好于紫花苜蓿。草鱼对暖季牧草甘薯叶、杂交狼尾草的摄食率最高,分别是61.98%、56.15%,与狗尾草33.76%差异显著,其他多数品种介于这二者之间。鳊对百喜草、杂交狼尾草和印度豇豆的摄食率最高,分别是61.13%、59.97%、61.68%,显著高于其他品种。试验期间草鱼、鳊都拒食串叶松香草。木质素、单宁物质等抗营养物质是影响草食性鱼类适口性的重要因素。鳊的适口性与草鱼有所区别,对于细茎或藤蔓较有韧性的牧草的摄食能力不如草鱼。The maximum feed-taking rate and palatability of several high-quality forages in mountainous of south China for grass carp and white bream were evaluated.The results showed that the feed-taking rates of cool-season forages,Lolium multiflorum Lam.and Dactylis glomcrata L.during vegetative period by grass carp were 74.03% and 70.09% respectively which obviously higher than that of Medicago sativa L.amount for 45.32%.It means that the palatability of Lolium multiflorum Lam.and Dactylis glomcrata L.was better than Medicago sativa L.Results also revealed that the palatability of forages during vegetative period was clearly better than that during heading or flower-emerging periods.The feed-taking rates of warm-season forages,Ipomoea batatas Poior leaves and Pennisetum americanum × P.purpureum cv.23A × N51 during vegetative period by grass carp were the highest,amount for 61.98% and 56.15% respectively,which were much higher than that of Setaria anceps Stapf.cv.Kazungula,amount for 33.76%.Others were located between these values.The highest feed-taking rate of forages for white bream were Paspalum notatum cv.Flugge,Pennisetum americanum × P.purpureum cv.23A × N51 and Vigna sinensis Sari Var,amount for 61.13%,59.97%,61.68%.Both grass carp and white bream refuse to take Silphium terfoliatum L..Lignin and Tanine were the important factors to affect the forage palatability in psciculture.The palatability of white bream is different from that of grass carp,its feed-taking capacity for tinny stem or large leaves is inferior to that of grass carp.

关 键 词：草鱼 鳊 牧草 最大摄食率 适口性 抗营养物质 

分 类 号：S963.4[农业科学—水产养殖]