标水岩沟滑坡型泥石流灾害及特征  

Landslide-induced debris flow disaster and its characteristics in Biaoshuiyan Gully

作　　者：谢洪[1] 王成华[1] 林立相[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2000年第3期23-25,30,共4页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

基　　金：中国科学院资源与生态环境研究资助项目!(KZ95 1- B1- 2 0 2 )

摘　　要：标水岩沟位于四川省普格县 ,系金沙江水系则木河支流。地处横断山东缘 ,年降水量的 6 7%集中在 6～ 9月 ,最大日降水量 15 7.9m m。地形、地质和暴雨等自然因素的组合 ,为泥石流、滑坡的发育提供了有利条件。 1999年 6月 2 2日 ,该沟暴发了一场灾害性泥石流 ,形成泥石流的降雨强度为 75 .9mm/ h。由暴雨激发的滑坡在运动过程中直接转化成泥石流 ,是一场典型的滑坡型泥石流。泥石流致死 2人 ,掩埋耕牛 16头 ,毁坏房屋 8间、公路 2 2 0 m、电站引水渠 15 0 m ,淤埋良田 2 3hm2 ,造成的直接经济损失 2 80万元。泥石流具有如下特征 :流体性质为粘性 ,重度2 .12 t/ m3;流体中固相物质和水体的比例约为 7∶ 3;流速快 ,最大流速 14.5 5 m/Biaoshuiyan Gully is located in Puge County,Sichuan Province.It is a tributary of the Zemuhe River of Jinshajiang River system.The drainage develops in the eastern edge of the Hengduanshan Mountain area, where the precipitation is very concentrated from June to September accounting for 67% of a year,the maximum daily precipitation is 157\^9 mm.Therefore,the composition of landform,geology and rainstorm provides favourable conditions for debris flow and landslide.On June 22,1999,a disastrous debris flow was excited by a torrential rain with 75\^9 mm/h in the Gully.It is a typical landslide\|induced debris flow,i.e.,landslide in the course of the movement changed into debris flow directly.In the disaster,2 persons died, 16 farm cattles were missing,8 houses were destroyed,220 m highway and 150 m draw water canal of a hydroelectric station were damaged, 23 hectare farmland were covered with stone,mud and silt.The debris flow caused the direct economic losses to 2\^8 million yuan.The characteristics of the debfis flow are as follows:the fluid belongs to viscous; the unit weight is 2\^12 t/m\+3; the ratio between solid and water in debris flow is about 7∶3;the velocity of flow is fast and maximum speed is 14\^55 m/s.

关 键 词：泥石流 滑坡 灾害 特征 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] P642.23[天文地球—工程地质学]