再生稻头季不同施氮水平的双季氮素吸收及产量效应研究  

Nitrogen uptake and grain yield effects of double-cropping rice at different nitrogen application rates in the first crop of ratoon rice

作　　者：郑景生[1] 林文雄[1] 李义珍[2] 姜照伟[2] 卓传营 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福州350002 [2]福建省农业科学院稻麦研究所,福州350019 [3]福建省尤溪县农业局,尤溪365100

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2004年第3期78-82,共5页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金项目 (B0 2 10 0 2 7);国家科技部科技攻关项目 ( 2 0 0 1BA5 0 7A 0 9 0 1 0 4)部分研究内容

摘　　要：对再生稻头季不同施N水平的双季N素吸收及产量效应研究结果表明 ,双季稻株吸N量与头季稻施N量呈抛物线形相关 ,以头季稻穗发育阶段吸N速率最高 ,头季稻分蘖末期、结实期和头季稻收割～再生季稻齐穗期次之。稻株总吸N量中土壤N吸收量所占比率随施N水平的提高而降低 ,化肥N吸收量则与施N量呈抛物线形关系 ,结实期营养器官转移N是籽粒N素积累的主要来源。双季稻株干物质积累量与头季稻施N量也呈抛物线形相关 ,超过施N限额后净同化率显著降低 ,群体生长率下降 ,干物质净积累量减少。稻谷产量与干物质总积累量呈极显著正相关 ,尤其与水稻生长中后期干物质净积累量极密切相关 ,再生季稻产量与头季稻中后期干物质净积累量极密切相关。头季稻施N 2 2 5～ 30 0kg hm2 并加施适量芽肥处理 ,头季稻和再生季稻中后期干物质净积累量及稻谷产量均最高 ,头季稻产量达 1 0 91 3～ 1 1 30 0万kg hm2 ,再生季稻产量达 75 6 5～ 7878kg hm2 。Nitrogen uptake and grain yield effects of double cropping rice at different nitrogen application rates in the first crop of ratoon rice were studied. The results show that the N uptake of double cropping rice plants exhibits a parabola curve with N application rates in the first crop of ratoon rice. The N absorption rate is the highest at the panicle development phase in the first crop, the second highest is at the late tillering stage and the grain filling stage of the first crop and during the period from harvest stage of the first crop to full heading stage of the second crop of ratoon rice. Among the total N uptake of rice plants, the ratio of uptake of soil N decreases as N application rate enhances and the uptake of fertilizer N shows a parabola curve with the increasing of N application rates. At the grain filling stage, it is the main N source transported from vegetable parts to grains. The relationship between the dry matter accumulation of double cropping rice and the N application rates in the first crop is also a parabola curve, in that the net assimilation rate (NAR) significantly decreases when the N application is over limitation, in turn leading to reduced crop growth rate (CGR) and net dry matter accumulation. Grain yield has a closely significantly positive correlation with the total dry matter accumulation, specially a very close correlation with the net dry matter accumulation of the middle late stages in the first crop. The grain yield of the second crop also shows a very close correlation with the net dry matter accumulation of the middle late stages in the first crop. The net dry matter accumulations recorded in the middle late stages and the grain yield in the first and second crops are the highest after applying N 225～300kg/hm 2 in the first crop and suitable bud fertilizer in the rationed rice, indicating that the grain yield of the first crop is 10913～11300kg/hm 2 and that of the second crop of ratoon rice is 7565～7878kg/hm 2.

关 键 词：再生稻 施氮水平 双季氮素 吸收效应 产量效应 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]