收集脱落滋养层细胞进行产前诊断  

Prenatal diagnosis on exfoliated trophoblast cell at cervix

作　　者：张旸[1] 赵强[1] 张莲英[2] 王树玉[1] 黄醒华[3] 张新洋[3] 任国庆[1] 吴承惠[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京妇产医院遗传室,100006 [2]北京妇产医院计划生育科 [3]北京妇产医院产科

出　　处：《中国妇产科临床杂志》2002年第3期135-137,144,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology

摘　　要：目的采用不同方法收集宫颈脱落滋养层细胞用于胎儿性别鉴定,探讨用宫颈脱落滋养层细胞进行产前诊断的可行性。方法2000年2月-2001年2月在北京妇产医院计划生育科,按一定标准选取人工流产前的孕妇进行后穹隆棉拭子、宫颈棉拭子、宫腔冲洗液的取材。人工流产取出的绒毛用于制备绒毛染色体以诊断胎儿性别。对男性胎儿孕妇的取样用聚合酶链反应(Polymerase Chain Reaction,PCR)方法检测睾丸决定基因(Sex Determining Region Y,SRY)基因和多肽核苷酸原位杂交(Peptide Nucleic Acid Probes,Fluorescent in situ Hy-bridization,PNA—FISH)方法检测X、Y染色质。结果对69例孕周为5～11周的孕妇进行了取材。宫腔冲洗液扩增出SRY基因的阳性率为55.6％(6/11),宫颈棉拭子悬液为9.1％(1,11),后穹隆棉拭子悬液为9.1％(1,11)。1例孕5周+6其宫腔冲洗液用PNA—FISH检测到Y信号的比例为20％。结论用官腔冲洗液、宫颈棉拭子及后穹隆棉拭子方法,从宫颈获得胎儿脱落滋养层细胞可能是一种产前诊断的可行途径。Objective To evaluate feasibility of new methods of collecting exfoliated trophoblast cell in early trimester for prenatal diagnosis. Methods Before artificial abortion for the pregnant women, who voluntarily underwent the operation at early trimester, smears of posterior fornix, endocervical smears, and uterine lavage were obtained. Male embryos were confirmed by analyzing chorionic villus karyotypes, and whose specimens were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and peptide nucleic acid probes fluorescent in situ hybridization (PNA - FISH) to detect Sex Determining Region Y gene (SRY) . Results A total of 69 women were selected according to the standards, who were 5 to 11 weeks gestation. By PCR amplification of SRY gene, 6/11 uterine lavage presented positive signals, 1/11 endoervical smear and smear of posterior fornix showed positive results respectively. One uterine lavage presented Y signals with at 20% percentage by PNA - FISH. Conclusions Exfoliated trophoblast cell can be obtained by transuterine lavage, endocervical smear, and smear of posterior fornix of vagina, which may be feasible methods of sample collection for prenatal diagnosis.

关 键 词：产前诊断 滋养层细胞 聚合酶链反应 荧光原位杂交 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]