小展弦比机翼低雷诺数升阻特性试验研究  

Investigation on the low Reynolds number characteristics of the lift and drag of low aspect ratio wings

作　　者：李志国[1] 朱鹏程[1] 李锋[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京空气动力研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2004年第4期78-82,共5页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国防科技预先研究基金资助项目(项目号:413130401)

摘　　要：研究的主要目的是确定微型飞行器小展弦比机翼的低雷诺数升阻特性。通过风洞试验测量了几种不同外形机翼的升力系数和阻力系数。研究主要涉及了矩形、椭圆、齐莫曼和反齐莫曼四种平面形状的机翼,并对每种外形机翼分别进行了展弦比为1.0、1.5、2.0的比较试验,文中以矩形翼为例分析了展弦比对机翼升阻特性的影响。为了研究前缘后掠角对机翼升阻特性的影响,进行了后掠角分别为20°、30°和45°梯形机翼的气动试验。试验结果表明:在大部分迎角范围内,同其它外形机翼相比矩形翼具有更高的升力系数,反齐莫曼翼的升阻比最理想;在小展弦比范围内对于平板翼型的机翼,较大的展弦比不会给升力系数提高带来更明显的效果;后掠角20°和30°梯形翼的升阻特性相差不大,后掠角45°梯形翼具有较大的升力系数和阻力系数。In this paper the main objective of the present study is to determine the lift and drag characteristics of the wings of the low aspect ratios of micro air vehicles at low Reynolds numbers. We measured the lift coefficient and drag coefficient of the wings with various planforms in the wind tunnel. The planforms used were rectangular, elliptical, Zimmerman and inverse Zimmerman. For the wing of each planform, comparative tests of three aspect ratio values(1.0,1.5 and 2.0) had been conducted. In order to research the effect of the sweep angle to the lift and drag characteristics of wings, we took the tests of the trapeziform wings of sweep angle of 20°, 30° and 45°. The results indicate that the rectangle wing has higher lift coefficient in the most range of the attack angles by comparing with other planforms of wings and the inverse Zimmerman wing has the best lift-drag ratio, the higher aspect ratio couldn't have obvious effect to the improvement of the lift coefficient in the range of low aspect ratio for the wings of the flat airfoil, the differences of the lift and drag characteristics between the trapeziform wings with 20° sweep angle and with 30° sweep angle are small, the trapeziform wing with 45° sweep angle has the bigger lift coefficient and the bigger drag coefficient.

关 键 词：低雷诺数 小展弦比机翼 升阻特性 升阻比 风洞试验 

分 类 号：V211.74[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]