高氟高砷中毒防治研究  

Investigation of prevention and cure of endemic fluorosis and arsenism

作　　者：孙淑庄[1] 陈亚妍 陈学敏[3] 孙贵范[4] 凌波[1] 赵炳成[1] 罗启芳[1] 曹静祥[1] 宋瑞金[1] 白雪涛[1] 刘克俭[1] 林少彬[1] 赵月朝[1] 应波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院环境卫生与卫生工程研究所,北京100050 [2]中国环境卫生监测研究所,北京100021 [3]同济医科大学公共卫生学院,武汉430030 [4]中国医科大学公共卫生学院,沈阳110001

出　　处：《医学研究杂志》2001年第11期12-15,共4页Journal of Medical Research

基　　金：国家科委资助的"九五"攻关课题

摘　　要：研究内容:从外环境降低氟、砷污染水平,减少暴露量,并从内环境拮抗氟,促进氟排出,降低体内氟水平。主要工作:饮水除氟,采用羟基磷灰石及金属复合材料除氟;饮水除砷,采用铁盐改性骨炭(集中式供水)、混凝沉淀(分散式供水)及金属复合材料(净水器装置)除砷;燃煤除氟,采用在燃煤中加钙固氟、煤烟除氟及空气净化除氟;预防型抗氟剂,以锌为主分别与硼、硒等配比,研究其体内抗氟效果及其毒性作用;康复型抗氟剂,以硒、硼为主,研究其配比,抗氟效果及其毒性作用;辅助型抗氟剂,研究谷胱甘肽(GSH)、β-胡萝卜素、超氧歧化酶(SOD)、硒等的拮抗氟毒性效果及其作用机制。This project is a subject that tackles key problems of preventive medicine for the Ninth Five - Year Plan. It is granted by the National Commission of Science and Technology.The main researches are as the follows: reduction of fluoride and arsenic levels from outside environments, decrease the exposure concentrations of these contaminant to endemic inhabitants ; and antagonism of some preparations toward the adverse effects of fluoride in human bodies, thus accelerates the excretion of fluoride.This sector of subject includes the following topics: 1 Defluoridation of drinking water by adsorption onto hydroxyapatite, or a metal compounding material; 2 Removal of arsenic from drinking water by adsorption onto modified bone char, or coagulation and precipitation, and a metal compounding material; 3 Fixation of fluoride in burning coal by combination with a calcis compound and elimination of fluoride in air vapors and particulates for air purification; 4 Preventive anti - fluorosis preparations - the main ingredient is a zinc salt which is composed of a boron or selenium containing compound, investigation of formulation, antagonistic results and toxic effects of these preparations; 5 Restorative anti - fluorosis preparations - the principal ingredient is a kind of boron selenium comound, investigation of formulation, antagonistic results and toxic effects of these preparations; 6 Assistant anti - fluorosis preparations - investigation on antagonestic effects and mechanisms of action of reduced glutathione (GSH), β - carotine and superoxide dismutase (SOD) etc.

关 键 词：砷中毒 砒霜中毒 除砷剂 抗氟剂 除氟 固氟 骨氟 氟中毒 氟病区 尿氟 低分子抗氧化剂 血氟 燃煤 煤烟 除氟容量 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]