任意形状载流闭合导线在均匀磁场中所受力矩  

The Moment of a Force of an Arbitrary Shape Carry Current Coil in Uniform Magnetic Field

作　　者：邵云[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京晓庄学院物理系,江苏南京210017

出　　处：《南京晓庄学院学报》2005年第5期28-30,共3页Journal of Nanjing Xiaozhuang University

摘　　要：在大多数普通物理电磁学书中都是从矩形载流线圈在均匀外磁场中所受力矩的结论出发,只顺带说了句:此形式结论同样适用于在均匀磁场中任意形状的载流线圈平面,而且未给出其证明过程;至于任意三维的载流闭合导线在均匀外磁场中所受力矩是否也符合这样的公式只字未提。另外在郭硕鸿编《电动力学》中,却对此结论给出了证明过程:从磁偶极子在外磁场中的势函数出发,根据磁偶极子所受的力矩,从而推出和矩形线圈所受力矩相同形式的结论,虽推导过程无懈可击,但总觉得过于迂回,不太直观。在本文中作者尝试给出较为简单而直观的证明。Most common physics books of electromagnetism set out from the conclusion that a rectangle carry current coil is subjected to the torque M= Pm× B(Pm is the magnetic moment of carry current coil) in uniform outside magnetic field,only saying that this conclusion is applicable equally to arbitrary shape carry current plane coil in uniform magnetic field,yet without any proof.As for arbitrary three-dimensional carry current coil,whether such formula as M= Pm × B also matches it in mean magnetic field,no proof was given either.In his book Electrodynamics,Guo Suo Hong explained his proving process: it was set out from the potential function U=-Pm·Be of a magnetic dipole in uniform magnetic field,and then the conclusion of M= Pm ×B according to the torque of a magnetic dipole is subjected to can be drawn.His explanation was complicated and not direct(enough) although the deducing process appeared invulnerable.In this paper,the author is trying to supply a simple and direct deducing process for the conclusion.

关 键 词：磁矩 力矩 力偶矩 闭合线圈 均匀外磁场 

分 类 号：O44[理学—电磁学]