饲料中添加氧化三甲胺对哲罗鱼生长性能、肌肉成分、消化道脂肪酶活性和血清生化指标的影响  

Trimethylamine Oxide in Diets for Taimen(Hucho taimen): Effects on growth performance,Muscle Composition,Gastrointestinal Lipase Activity and Serum Biochemical Indices

作　　者：王常安[1,2] 徐奇友[1] 许红[1] 尹家胜 王洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [2]东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2012年第11期2279-2286,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：冷水性鱼类养殖产业化研究与示范(201003055);国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD25B10);黑龙江水产研究所基本科研业务费(201103)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲料中添加氧化三甲胺(TMAO)对哲罗鱼生长性能、肌肉成分、消化道脂肪酶活性和血清生化指标的影响。试验选用初重为(4.15±0.15)g的哲罗鱼1 800尾,随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复100尾。6组试验鱼分别饲喂含0(对照组)、0.02%、0.05%、0.10%、0.20%和0.50%TMAO的试验饲料。试验期为56 d。结果表明:饲料中添加0.02%～0.20%TMAO后,哲罗鱼的增重率显著升高(P<0.05),当添加量为0.05%时达最大值。饲料中添加0.02%～0.50%TMAO后显著降低了哲罗鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量以及血清胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白含量(P<0.05),而对肌肉水分、粗蛋白质和灰分含量,肌肉氨基酸组成及含量以及血清葡萄糖含量未产生显著影响(P>0.05)。前肠+幽门盲囊和后肠脂肪酶活性均以添加量为0.02%时为最高,显著高于对照组和0.50%添加组(P<0.05)。哲罗鱼胰腺脂肪酶活性各组间无显著差异(P>0.05)。由此得出,饲料中添加TMAO影响哲罗鱼生长,改变肌肉成分和消化酶活性,降低血脂水平。以增重率为指标进行折线模型分析,得出TMAO最适添加量为0.025%。An 56-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of trimethylamine oxide(TMAO) on growth performance,muscle composition,gastrointestinal lipase activity and serum biochemical indices of taimen(Hucho taimen).A total of 1 800 taimen with initial body weight of(4.15±0.15) g were randomly divided into 6 groups with 3 replicates per group and 100 fish per replicate.Fish in the 6 groups were fed 6 experimental diets containing different levels of TMAO,which were 0(control group),0.02%,0.05%,0.10%,0.20% and 0.50%,respectively.The results showed as follows: the weight gain rate was significantly increased by 0.02% to 0.20% TMAO supplementation(P<0.05),and it had the maximum value when the supplementation was 0.05%.Supplementation of 0.02% to 0.50% TMAO significantly decreased the crude lipid content in muscle and the contents of cholesterol,triglyceride and low density lipoprotein in serum(P<0.05),but did not significantly affect the contents of moisture,crude protein and ash in muscle,amino acid composition and content in muscle,and serum glucose content(P>0.05).The lipase activity in foregut+pyloric caecum and hindgut in 0.02% supplementation group had the highest value,and was significantly higher than that in the control group and 0.50% supplementation group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in pancreas lipase activity among all groups(P>0.05).In conclusion,TMAO supplementation can affect growth,change muscle composition and digestive enzyme activities,and decrease serum lipid contents of taimen.With weight gain rate as the index,the optimum TMAO supplementation is 0.025% based on the broken-line model analysis.

关 键 词：TMAO 哲罗鱼 生长性能 肌肉成分 脂肪酶活性 血脂 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]