民航外籍飞行员听力的调查  

Investigation on the auditory function of foreign civil pilots in China

作　　者：胡墨绳[1] 杨剑[1] 杨秀云[1] 马峰杰[1] 艾星[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民用航空局民用航空医学中心空勤人员体检鉴定所,北京100123

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2013年第2期81-85,共5页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 初步调查中国民航外籍飞行员的听力状况并分析其特点. 方法 收集分析2007-2010年持有中国民航Ⅰ级体检合格证的外籍飞行员的纯音听阈测试数据,共计776例,1552耳.按不同年龄分为4组:A组(20～29岁)、B组(30～39岁)、C组(40～49岁)、D组(50～59岁),按不同测试音频率进行统计分析. 结果 民航外籍飞行员语频及高频听力损失患病率随年龄的增长而升高；语频听力损失发生率为4.38％(34例)；高频听力损失发生率为19.59％(152例),其中6000 Hz处阈移程度最显著；3000 Hz处阈移发生的时间及幅度介于高频听阈与语频听阈之间；在40岁之后纯音听阈的阈移幅度逐渐增大且向3000 Hz处扩展累及(P'＜0.017). 结论 民航外籍飞行员高频听阈损失较严重,尤以6000 Hz听阈为甚；3000 Hz纯音听阈变化可能对语频听阈阈移具有一定的早期提示作用；40岁之后听力损失的发展进程加剧,听力防护应及早开展.Objective To investigate the hearing status of the foreign pilots who work for Civil Aviation of China (CAAC) and analyze its characteristics.Methods Seven hundred and seventy-six foreign civil pilots (1552 ears),who were qualified by CAAC Class Ⅰ medical certificate from 2007 to 2010,were grouped by age into 4 groups:A (20-29 yrs),B (30-39 yrs),C (40-49 yrs) and D (50-59 yrs).Their pure tone audiometry (PTA) test data were collected and analyzed.Results The foreign pilots' prevalence of hearing loss at speech and high frequencies was growing with age.The incidence of speech frequency and high frequency hearing loss was 4.38％ (34 cases) and 19.59％ (152 cases) respectively.Threshold shift at 6000 Hz showed the most significant change (x2 =1312.505,P＜0.01).Both the occurrence time and the amplitude of the threshold shift at 3000 Hz were between those of high frequency and speech frequency threshold shifts.The threshold shift of foreign civil pilots gradually increased after 40 yrs and appulsively expended to 3000 Hz (P'＜0.017).Conclusions High frequency hearing loss is common in the foreign civil pilots,especially at 6000 Hz.PTA threshold shift at 3000 Hz may indicate the possible speech frequency hearing loss in the future.Hearing protection should be carried out as early as possible since hearing loss shows faster and severer progression in the foreign civil pilots older than 40 yrs.

关 键 词：测听法 纯音 听觉丧失 体格检查 合格鉴定 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生]