模拟高性能战斗机座舱噪声对健康志愿者认知能力的影响  

Effects of noise in simulated high performance aircraft cockpit on healthy volunteers' cognitive ability

作　　者：郑学文[1] 余文斌[1] 郭金洋[1] 陈晓勤[1] 张清俊[1] 张霞[1] 吴春妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]空军航空医学研究所,北京100142

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2013年第2期117-122,共6页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的 探讨模拟高性能战斗机座舱噪声对健康志愿者基本认知操作能力的影响. 方法 采用神经行为测试评价系统-中文第3版测评系统对10名健康志愿者在模拟高性能战斗机座舱噪声108 dB(A)(歼A组)、122 dB(A)(歼-B组)和隔声室的本底噪声35 dB(A)(本底噪声组)背景下进行暴露即刻、30 min、60 min的基本认知操作能力测试；采用美国航空航天任务负荷指数量表评价噪声对心理负荷的影响. 结果 ①在3种噪声背景下以及3个时间段之间,系列加减测试能力指数的比较均无统计学差异.连续识别记忆能力指数的比较:在测试30 min时,歼-B组低于本底噪声组(t=2.084,P＜0.05)；在测试60 min时,歼-A组、歼-B组低于本底噪声组(t=2.222、2.783,P＜0.05或P＜0.01).注意力调转能力指数比较:在测试30 min时,歼A组、歼-B组低于本底噪声组(t=3.614、2.342,P＜0.05或P＜0.01)；在测试60 min时,歼-B组低于本底噪声组(t=2.823,P＜0.01)；在歼-A组,30 min时低于即刻(t=2.583,P＜0.05)；在歼-B组,60 min时低于即刻(t=2.222,P＜0.05).视复杂反应时能力指数的比较:在歼-B组,60 min低于即刻(t=2.369,P＜0.05)；在测试30 min、60 min时,歼-B组低于本底噪声组(t=2.232、2.961,P＜0.05或P＜0.01).②在3种噪声背景下以及3个时间段之间,脑力需求、业绩评估的比较均无统计学差异.体力需求结果比较:在测试30 min、60 min时,歼-B组高于本底噪声组(t=2.082、2.154,P＜0.05).时间需求结果比较:在测试即刻、30 min时,歼-B组高于本底噪声组(t=2.793、2.792,P＜0.01).努力程度结果比较:在测试30 min时,歼-B组高于本底噪声组(t=2.793,P＜0.01)和歼-A组(t=2.792,P＜0.01)；在测试60 min时,歼-B组高于本底噪声组(f=3.572,P＜0.01)和歼-A组(t=2.901,P＜0.01)；在歼-B组,60 min高于30 min(t=2.223,P＜0.05).挫折程度结果比较:在测试即刻、60 min时,歼-B组高于本底噪声组(t=2.681、2.139,P＜0.05). 结论 模拟高性能战斗机Objective To discuss the effects of noise in the simulated high performance aircraft cockpit on the cognitive ability of healthy volunteers.Methods Neurobehavioral evaluation systemChinese 3 (NES-C3) was applied to test the cognitive ability of 10 healthy volunteers,who were respectively exposed in 108 dB (A) (J-A group),122 dB (A) (J B group) simulated aircraft cockpit noise environment and in 35 dB (A) (basic noise group) background noise isolation environment.Their basic cognitive ability was respectively tested at 0 min,30 min and 60 min exposure in simulated noise environment.Moreover,National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index (NASA-TLXL) was conducted to evaluate the effects of noise on mental load of the healthy volunteers.Results ①Under three different noise basic and at 3 different time marks,there was no statistical differences in serial add and subtract index.The comparison of continuous recognition ability index in 30 min exposure showed that the ability index of J-B group was lower than that of basic noise group (t=2.084,P＜0.05),and the ability index of J-B group and J A group was lower than that of basic noise group for 60 min exposure (t=2.222,2.783,P＜0.05 or 0.01).The switching attention ability index of J-A and J-B groups was lower than that of basic noise group (t =3.614,2.342,P＜0.05 or 0.01) for 30 min exposure,and the switching attention ability index of J-B group lower than that of basic noise group (t=2.823,P＜0.01) for 60 min exposure.Such ability of J-A group in 30 min exposure and J-B group in 60 min exposure was respectively was lower than that of at 0 min (t=2.583,2.222,P＜0.05).For the comparison of vision complex reaction time,the ability index of J-B group in 60 min exposure was lower than that at 0 min (t=2.369,P＜0.05),as to the test at 30 min and 60 min exposure the ability index of J-B was lower than that of basic noise group (t=2.232,2.961,P＜0.05 or 0.01).②Under three noise backgrounds and at 3 different time marks,there was no statistical diffe

关 键 词：噪声 职业性 问卷调查 认知能力 

分 类 号：V2[航空宇航科学技术] R[医药卫生]