同胞鉴定中风险与对策的思考  

The Risk and Countermeasures in Sibling Identification-Thinking Derived from a Case

作　　者：刘俊宏[1,2] 林源[2] 张素华[2] 李莉[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学,上海200042 [2]司法部司法鉴定科学技术研究所 上海市法医学重点实验室,上海200063

出　　处：《中国司法鉴定》2012年第6期78-81,共4页Chinese Journal of Forensic Sciences

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会攻关项目(08251203200)

摘　　要：目的考察同胞认亲案件鉴定中的风险。方法在一例同胞关系鉴定中,采用常染色体STR检测系统及X染色体STR检测系统进行基因型分型,并用ITO法计算全同胞指数及统计共有等位基因数和全相同基因座数进行判定。结果在该案例中,常染色体STR分型结果与X染色体STR分型结果均提示被检验同胞之间并非其声称的全同胞关系,在排除其中非全同胞个体后,对剩余全同胞进行基因型分析从而反推出其生父母基因型,并与被认个体进行基因型比对后得出排除结论,即被认个体与被检验同胞之间不存在生物学全同胞关系。结论对于同胞认亲的案件,若无父亲和(或)母亲参与,鉴定人应尽可能地通过多种检测系统(常染色体STR、X-STR、Y-STR、mtDNA等)综合分析,从而对被检验同胞所声称的"全同胞"关系进行验证;也可用ITO法计算全同胞指数及统计共有等位基因数和全相同基因座数进行判定,这样可以互相印证鉴定结果,降低误判风险。Objective To evaluate the risk of false identification of sibling relationship.Methods In a case,the samples were analyzed by typing autosomal STR loci and X-chromosomal STR(X-STR) loci.The full sibling index was calculated with the ITO method,as well as the number of identical allele,and the matched STR loci with identical alleles.Results Both the autosomal STR and X-STR genotyping results suggest that the tested persons be not the claimed full siblings.With the non-full-sibling individual ruled out,the full sibling relationship between the dubious individual and the tested full siblings were excluded based on the deduced genotypes of the biological parents.Conclusion Regarding to the sibling identification case,if the sample of biological father or mother is not available,different genotyping technologies(autosomal STR,X-STR,Y-STR, mtDNA etc.) should be used to verify the claimed 'full sibling relationship'.The case could also be analyzed by calculating the full sibling index according to the ITO method or counting the number of identical alleles and matched STR loci with identical alleles in order to confirm the identification results mutually and reduce the risk of false conclusion.

关 键 词：法医遗传学 短串联重复序列 同胞关系 

分 类 号：D919[医药卫生—法医学]