关中平原秸秆还田农业生产模式的价值流分析  

Value flow Analysis on the Agricultural Models of Straw Returning in the Center Shaanxi Plain

作　　者：蒋碧[1] 吴喜慧[1] 于小玲[1] 佟小刚[1] 吴发启[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《生态经济（学术版）》2012年第2期19-23,共5页Ecological Economy

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑项目(2012BAD14B11)

摘　　要：价值流是农业生态经济系统的重要特征之一,利用价值流特征来评价秸秆还田农业生产模式的经济效益具有重要意义。基于秸秆还田农业生产模式的定位试验,对不同还田模式下小麦—玉米轮作系统的价值流特征进行了研究。结果表明,小麦秸秆高留茬—玉米秸秆粉碎模式的经济效益是最好的,其利润、成本产值率、成本净产率、成本利用率、劳动生产率和劳动净产率都是最高的,分别为19811.91元·hm-2、2.47、1.55、1.47、31.64、19.81;最低的是小麦、玉米秸秆不还田,分别为16072.39元·hm-2、2.06、1.22、1.06、13.51、7.97。总产值和净产值以小麦不还田—玉米秸秆粉碎为最高,分别为33723.84元·hm-2、21737.84元·hm-2,小麦秸秆高留茬—玉米秸秆粉碎覆盖最低,为30500.03元·hm-2、18053.03元·hm-2。综合评判得分最大的是小麦秸秆高留茬—玉米秸秆粉碎,最小的是小麦、玉米秸秆不还田,分别为0.982和0.740。因此,小麦秸秆高留茬—玉米秸秆粉碎是该区种植业生产的最优模式,可大力推广。The value flow is one of important characteristics of the agricultural eco-economic system,and evaluation on the economic benefit of straw-return agricultural production mode through the value flow characteristics is of great significance.A located experiments based on the straw-return agricultural production mode is conducted to explore the value flow characteristics in wheat-corn rotation system under different straw-return modes.Results show that,the mode of the high stubble mulch of wheat and corn straw chopping had the best economic benefit,and its profit,cost-output ratio,cost net yield,cost utilization,labor productivity and labor net productivity all are the highest of 19 811.91 yuan.hm-2,2.47,1.55,1.47,31.64 and 19.81 respectively;The mode of no wheat straw-return has no corn straw-return has.the lowest values of 16 072.39 yuan.hm-2,2.06,1.22,1.06,13.51 and 7.97 respectively.The mode of no wheat straw-return and corn straw chopping has the highest gross product and net product of 33 723.84 yuan.hm-2 and 21 737.84 yuan.hm-2 respectively,while the mode of the high stubble mulch of wheat and corn straw chopping has the lowest gross product and net product of 30 500.03 yuan.hm-2 and 18 053.03 yuan.hm-2 respectively.The comprehensive evaluation score is biggest in the model of the high stubble mulch of wheat and corn straw chopping and the smallest in the model of no wheat straw-return and no corn straw-return,and score in two models are 0.982 and 0.740 respectively.Therefore,the mode of the high stubble mulch of wheat and corn straw chopping is the optimal model in planting production in this area and should be widely popularized.

关 键 词：秸秆还田 生产模式 价值流 关中平原 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]