半敞开式隧道不同季节火灾时的烟气扩散数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Semi- open Tunnel Fires Smoke Diffusion in Different Seasons

作　　者：赵冬[1] 章玮[2] 周汝[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全工程学院,江苏省城市与工业安全重点实验室 [2]中国人民解放军73677部队 [3]建筑安全与环境国家重点实验室

出　　处：《工业安全与环保》2013年第9期54-57,共4页Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(11KJB620002);建筑安全与环境国家重点实验室开放课题(BSBE201101)

摘　　要：运用FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulation)火灾模拟软件对半敞开式隧道不同环境温度着火时烟气扩散情况进行模拟,得到隧道内温度和CO浓度的变化特征及烟气纵向蔓延规律和沉降规律。结果表明,隧道采用自然通风能起到很好的排烟效果。火源正上方产生的高温对隧道顶棚结构具有较大的威胁,但火源附近安全高度处烟气温度迅速降到环境温度,不会对人员安全疏散构成威胁。冬季烟气沉降比其他季节严重,但在300s内没有降到安全高度1.8m以下,对人员逃生影响较小。Through adopting the FDS(Fire Dynamic Simulation) software to simulate the smoke diffusion at different temperature conditions in a semi-open tunnel,we can get the changes of temperature and CO concentration,as well as the discipline of vertical diffusion and sedimentation of smoke.The results show that it is feasible to use natural ventilation as a smoke extraction mode in tunnels,and the natural air-vents play a good role in smoke extraction.The high temperature above the ignition sources poses a great threat to the tunnel roof structure.However,the smoke would not pose a threat to the evacuation if the smoke temperature at the safe height around ignition sources can drop to the ambient temperature rapidly.The smoke sedimentation is more severe in winter than in other seasons,but the smoke can not reach the height of 1.8m in 300 seconds,which has little effects on the evacuation.

关 键 词：半敞开式 隧道 火灾 烟气 数值模拟 

分 类 号：U458.1[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]