动车组铝合金型材地板焊接变形的数值模拟  

Numerical analysis on welding distortion of extruded shape of aluminum alloy floor for EMU

作　　者：韩德成[1] 王苹[2] 陈东方[1] 刘胜龙[1] 刘雪松[2] 

机构地区：[1]南车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [2]哈尔滨工业大学 先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《焊接技术》2013年第9期21-24,4,共4页Welding Technology

基　　金："十一五"国家科技支撑计划高速列车车体技术项目(2009BAG12A04-B04)

摘　　要：采用非线性有限元软件MSC.Marc对动车组地板大型复杂铝合金挤压中空型材结构的焊接过程进行了数值模拟。为了提高计算效率和精度,对结构的有限元模型进行了合理的疏密过度的网格划分,实测了材料随温度变化的热物理-力学性能参数,并采用双椭球体热源模型模拟MIG焊接热源。通过对某型号动车组地板结构焊接后挠曲变形的实际检测,结果证明模拟计算结果与检测数据吻合良好。研究结果证实:基于热-机耦合的有限元法并将材料动态高温性能参数的试验测试数据代入模拟计算的方案,能够为动车组铝合金型材地板焊接结构的焊接变形预测提供高效、高精度的技术手段。利用本方法可以实现同类复杂结构焊接变形高精度预测。Numerical simulation of welding of large-sized hollow extruded shape of aluminum alloy was conducted by using a non-line FEA software MSC.Marc. To enhance computation efficiency and precision, the sparse and close finite model was used. The thermo-mechanics parameters of changing with temperature were obtained and the heat source model of double elliptical were utilized to simulate MIG. The results obtained by measuring deflection distortion of high speed rail floor after welding proved that simulation calculation conformed to reality nicely. The results confirmed that the program, based on finite element of thermo-mechanics coupling and the material parameters of dynamic performance at high temperature, provided a high effective and accuracy method to forecast welding distortion for high speed rail floor. The welding distortion of the similar complicated structure could be forecasted high efficiently by this technique.

关 键 词：动车组 铝合金型材地板 数值模拟 焊接挠曲变形 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]