证据学问题的语言哲学初步思考  

Thoughts on Philosophy of Language in Evidence

作　　者：喻敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南财经大学法学系

出　　处：《北大法律评论》2001年第2期430-445,共16页Peking University Law Review

摘　　要：汪据学的许多问题都充满了争议,而许多充满争议的证据学问题,正如某些哲学问题一样,"看起来是起因于关于语言结构的错误信念,所以正确理解语言结构可以帮助解决这些问题或完全避免它们"。换言之,这些问题之所以会有争议,甚至之所以会产生这些问题,也可能是"由于一个十分简单的原因引起的,即:还没有确切地揭示你要回答的是什么问题,就试图作答"。In this article,the author makes a thorough research on some significant issues of the theory of the proof with the methodology of language analysis which are as follows: the facts of legal cases,the truthfulness of the proof,the relativity of legal cases,and the value of evidential burden.The author reveals that there is confusion in the traditional theory of proof,and this theory seems to make no sense.The litigant's claim bases on facts of cases which are true or false.That the proof is regarded to be true only after it is subject to the examination of falsification in the way of cross-examination.The value of evidential burden is to standardize the assumption made by judges while they are confirming the facts.The author also argues that as philosophy once developed from ontology to the theory of knowledge,the theory of proof experiences the change from objective truthfulness to confirmed truthfulness,and this article is an attempt to further this research from the theory of knowledge to the theory of language.Only after this change,can the theory of proof be developed without the litigation paradox.

关 键 词：当事人 案件事实 证据理论 初步思考 语言哲学 事实认定 证据学 法官 客观事实 举证责任 

分 类 号：D915.13[政治法律—诉讼法学]