近20年来沙区聚落对沙漠化影响与响应  

Effects of Settlements in Sandy Area on Desertification and Responese During 20 Years

作　　者：张艺潇[1] 张宇清[1,2] 吴秀芹 吴斌[1,2] 赵紫阳 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [2]宁夏盐池荒漠生态系统定位研究站,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第S1期575-578,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：教育部博士点基金(编号:20090014110003);"十一五"国家科技支撑项目(编号:2006BAD26B03);国家自然科学基金(编号:40801039)

摘　　要：以防沙治沙效果显著的宁夏盐池县官滩村为例,基于4期TM影像(1989年、1995年、2000年、2007年),采用目视解译的方法得到其不同时期的土地利用数据,结合2008年实地调查数据、2009年快鸟影像,对聚落的内部空间布局特征及外部土地利用特征进行了研究,并分析其1989-2007年间的土地利用动态情况。结果表明:聚落内部整体布局方向、庭院组合方式及建筑特征减弱了风沙对居民生活的影响;聚落外部的空间构型进一步抵御了风沙的侵害,其外部近20年的土地利用动态变化反映了当地居民对于沙漠化的响应。官滩村内部的布局和外部的构型相结合,对沙漠化进行了积极的影响与响应,是今后沙区聚落建设的一个科学典范。Human settlement,relatively independent regiond society,composed of social activities,the social relations as well as life style of a specific crowd,is the general name for human inhabit region.Domestic researches of human settlements mainly focus on the architectural characteristics and the intrinsic traditional culture,aiming to seek the scientific basis for modern settlement's construction.Human settlement environment in sandy areas,where ecosystem is fragile,is eager to be improved.In this paper,the typical settlement in the sandy area,Guantan village in Ningxia province,is selected as a case,which has a remarkable effect on preventing and controlling desertification.Based on TM images in 1989,1995,2000 and 2007,land-use maps in four different times are obtained by interpretation.Combined with the survey data and Quickbird image in 2009,the characteristics of inside spatial arrangement and outside land-use pattern are analyzed,especially the dynamics of land utilization from 1989 to 2007.The results show that inside spatial arrangements of Guantan village weaken wind and sand,including the direction of the whole village arrangement,the combination style of yards and the architectural characteristics;outside land-use pattern resists the invasion of wind and sand further,and its dynamics of land utilization during 1989 and 2007 reflects the respones of local residents to desertification.Both the inside spatial arrangement and outside land-use pattern of Guantan village have positive effects on desertification,which is a classic example for settlements' construction in sandy areas.

关 键 词：沙区聚落 沙漠化 影响与响应 官滩村 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]