官厅水库流域生态补偿机制研究:生态系统服务视角  

Study on Developing Guanting Reservoir Watershed Ecological Compensation Mechanism:from the Perspective of Ecosystem Services

作　　者：刘桂环[1] 文一惠[1] 孟蕊 迟妍妍[1] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2011年第S2期61-64,共4页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"官厅水库流域生态系统服务时空格局与生态补偿机制研究"(编号:50809031);国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划);"中国主要陆地生态系统服务功能与生态安全"(编号:2009CB421106);国家科技重大专项<水体污染控制与治理>主题六<流域生态补偿与污染赔偿研究与示范>课题(编号:2008ZX07633-03)

摘　　要：本文以官厅水库流域为研究区,通过分析流域生态系统服务功能变化,探讨生态系统服务与生态补偿之间的关系,构建基于生态系统服务的生态补偿机制,探讨合理的补偿标准,及不同补偿方式的可行性。结果表明,流域上下游间生态系统服务存在时空不对称性特征,建立流域生态补偿机制是平衡上下游之间生态系统服务不对称性的重要途径。The Yang River and Sanggan River,the upstream of Guanting Reservoir watershed,originate and flow through arid and semi-arid areas.The low reservoir inflows restrict the water resource sustainable utilization of Guanting Reservoir,so establishing appropriate eco-compensation mechanism is a key approach to coordinate watershed ecological protection and economic development. This paper took Guanting Reservoir as a case study,analyzed the changes of watershed ecosystem services,and discussed the relationship between ecosystem services and ecological compensation,posed to develop ecological compensation based on ecosystem services, and put forward compensation criteria and possible approaches for implementation.It shows that,the ecosystem services of upstream and downstream are asymmetric in spatial and temporal pattern,thus developing ecological compensation mechanism is essential to balance the distribution of upstream-downstream ecosystem services.The methods based on ecological protection inputs and opportunity costs are very important to identify eco-compensation criteria.The eco-compensation on ecological protection inputs are mainly with funds,and the eco-compensation on opportunity costs are mainly with polices,industries and intelligences.

关 键 词：官厅水库 流域 生态系统服务 生态补偿机制 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]