从非宾格动词现象看语义与句法结构之间的关系  

The Unaccusative Phenomenon-a study on the relationship between syntax and semantics

作　　者：杨素英[1] 

机构地区：[1]香港浸会大学

出　　处：《当代语言学》1999年第1期30-43,61-62,共16页Contemporary Linguistics

摘　　要：Perlmutter（1978）明确提出了著名的非宾格动词假说之后的二十年间，语言学家对非宾格动词和非作格动词的语义和相关的句法现象作了大量的研究。本文首先对这些研究作了介绍，然后讨论了汉语中的非宾格动词现象。本文试图证明：（1）非宾格现象在汉语中主要是一个句法现象；（2）某些语义项是区分非宾格和非作格的主要语义项：（3）不带地点的存现句、天气句以及使役／不及物交替可以用来区分非宾格和非作格动词。Since Perlmutter (1978) put forth his unaccusative hypothesis, there have been voluminous studieson the unaccusative phenomenon in various languages. This paper gives a brief summary of thesestudies and discusses the unaccusative phenomenon in Chinese. The discussion leads to a fewpreliminary assumptions((l) unaccusative phenomenon in Chinese is basically a syntacticphenomenon; (2) some meaning components (like [tdirection] in movement verbs and [tvolition]in verbs that can participate in the intransitive and causative alternation) are crucial meaningcomponents for the unaccusative and unergative distinction; and (3) only three syntacticconfigurations are reliable diagnostics for unaccusative verbs in Chinese. They are: existentialsentence withoUt the locative NP, weather sentence and intransitive/causative alternation.

关 键 词：非宾格动词 非作格动词 汉语 语义 句法 

分 类 号：H146[语言文字—汉语]