虢国墓地出土商代小臣玉器铭文考释及相关问题  

Some Remarks on the Inscriptions of the 'Xiaochen' Jade Articles Unearthed from Cemetery of the Guo State of the Shang Dynasty

作　　者：姜涛[1] 贾连敏 

机构地区：[1]河南省文物考古研究所

出　　处：《文物》1998年第12期57-62,99,共7页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：1990～1993年,河南省文物考古研究所与三门峡市文物队联合在上村岭虢国墓地发掘大型贵族墓葬及车马坑10余座,出土文物达17000余件(套、组),引起国内外学术界的广泛关注。在发掘出土的近3000件(套、组)玉器中,还包含有一些商代遗物,并有部分刻铭。这里我们首先选出其中3件商代小臣刻铭玉器,对其铭文及有关问题作初步的探讨,以求教于方家。A dozen of large aristocratic tombs and horse-and-chariot pits were excavated in the cemetery of the Guo state at Shangcunling, Sanmenxia, Henan from 1990 to 1993, yielding as many as seventeen pieces of funerary objects. Of the three thousand jade articles, a con- siderable amount belong to the Shang dynasty with some bearing an inscription. The in- scribed jade articles discussed in this essay come respectively from the tombs coded M2009 and 2012. They are a zong-plaque, a ge-halberd and a bi-disc, all related with the characters 'xiaochen'. Judging by the turtle-shell oracle and bronze inscription as well as some jade articles of the Shang dynasty, the plaque belonged to 'Xiaochen' named Tuo of the Wuding period; the halberd belonged to the same period; the disc, to the Diyi or Dixin period of the Shang dynasty.

关 键 词：小臣 商代玉器 铭文 卜辞 贵族墓葬 出土文物 文物考古 有关问题 体结构 金文 

分 类 号：K877[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]