从埃及穆斯林兄弟会看伊斯兰原教旨主义与世俗主义的关系  

A LOOK AT THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ISLAMIC FUNDEMENTALISM AND SECULARISM VIA THE EGYPTIAN MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD

作　　者：杨灏城[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界历史研究所

出　　处：《西亚非洲》1998年第5期33-40,79-80,共10页West Asia and Africa

摘　　要：伊斯兰原教旨主义作为当代伊斯兰复兴运动的主体，同１９世纪末叶兴起于美国、后又传遍世界许多地方的基督教基要主义相似，同样是一种保守的神学思潮，主张回到经、训中去，回到伊斯兰初创时期的原旨教义和先辈的传统中去。不同之点是，伊斯兰原教旨主义不是单纯的宗教运...Abstract For 70 years since its founding,the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood has persistently adhered to the integration of state and religion against the seperation of religion from politics;to the integration of law and religion,resolutely demanding the implementation of Islamic law (sharia) while opposing the written laws; to the integration of official ideology characterized by mass education and religion,rejecting secular ideas and content of (teaching) courses which run counter to Islam.The dividing line between Islamic fundementalism and secularism mainly manifested itself in the above mentioned“three integrations”or“three seperations”.Since the latter 20th century,there has been marked changes in the connotation of the “three integrations”,but no change has taken place with the principle which constitutes the cornerstone of the Brotherhood and all other fundementalists and the kernel of their programmes.During the 70 years,the Brotherhood has no doubt regarded secularism as its enemy,practice has however proved that it might consciously or unconsciously dilute,lay aside or even abandon some of its original religious doctrines,and at the same time it might tolerate,go along with or even adopt some of the secular conceptions,propositions and ideas and have them Islamized.In short,the relationship between Islamic fundementalism and secularism tends to be in a state of mutual opposition with pardoning,and of mutual exclusion with penetration.

关 键 词：伊斯兰原教旨主义 埃及穆斯林兄弟会 世俗主义 伊斯兰教法 伊斯兰现代主义 “三个结合” 极端组 民族主义 哈里发 伊斯兰社会主义 

分 类 号：D562[政治法律—政治学]