崇明生态岛建设中的水环境相关指标阈值分析  

THRESHOLD ANALYSIS ON WATER-RELATED INDICATORS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CHONGMING ECO-ISLAND

作　　者：郭茹[1,2] 杨海真[1,2] 庄怡琳[1,2] 曾刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [2]联合国环境规划署-同济大学环境与可持续发展学院,上海200092 [3]华东师范大学资源与环境科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2010年第S1期207-211,共5页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：上海市科委科技攻关(崇明专项)项目(08DZ1205604)

摘　　要：崇明是中国的第三大岛和世界上最大的河口冲积岛。随着社会经济的迅猛发展,水环境问题成为崇明当前面临的严峻挑战之一。如何合理确定水环境指标的阈值是实现崇明水环境可持续发展的关键。以崇明水环境容量的已有研究和水环境相关规划为基础,从系统角度出发,利用压力-状态-响应模型和情景分析方法,提出了崇明生态岛建设中的水环境指标阈值确定方法。在崇明生态岛指标体系研究成果的基础上,以化学需氧量(COD)排放量、城镇污水处理率和骨干河道达标率3个核心指标为例进行了方法应用。其中,COD排放总量属于环境压力指标,骨干河道达标率属于环境状态指标,而城镇污水处理率则属于环境响应指标。研究结果已经实际应用于崇明生态岛建设,成为2020年崇明水环境的重要控制性目标。Chongming is the third largest island in China,which is also the biggest river alluvial island in the world.Water issues have been a challenging problem recently due to fast social and economic development.How to determine the threshold of water-related indicators is a key point to achieve the sustainable development of Chongming Island.Based on the existing research on water environmental capacity of Chongming and water environmental planning,this paper proposed an approach to analyze the threshold of water-related indicators systematically by combining pressure-state-response model and scenario analysis.Three key water-related indicators were selected as cases,including COD discharge quantity which represents environmental pressure,sewage treatment rate for city and town which represents environmental response,and the rate of major rivers that up to the standards which represents environmental state.This approach has already been applied in the construction of Chongming eco-island to determine the control target of Chongming water environment in 2020.

关 键 词：阈值 水环境指标 情景分析 

分 类 号：X2[环境科学与工程—环境科学]