青海瞿昙寺壁画颜料的研究  

Research on the murals pigments of Qutan Temple,Qinghai

作　　者：王进玉[1] 李军[1] 唐静娟 许志正[2] 

机构地区：[1]敦煌研究院,敦煌736200 [2]复旦大学文物保护科学系,上海200433

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》1993年第2期23-35,共13页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

摘　　要：通过对青海瞿昙寺画郎和建筑彩绘所用的22个绘画颜料样品的 x-射线衍射和同位素 x 荧光分析.共分析出20多种无机矿物颜料,此外.还有蓝钯、黄钯有机颜料。本文对这些颜料的分析结果进行丁综合论述.并与敦煌石窟、麦积山石窟、炳灵寺石窟等的彩绘颜料进行了研究。Qutan Temple,Qinghai is a keypoint protective unit of national relics.The painted corridors are the main composition of Qutan's structure.The bright-coloured and beautiful murals,particularly,are precious works of Buddhist art.Their earlier times,great deal in numbers and highly artistic level,not only seldom seen in Qinghai but rare in whole country. Half and more of the 51 painted corridors all preserved murals up to now,every hall wall is covered with coloured paintings.Most of them are Buddhas images and decorative paintings. On the paintings corridors there are murals for 512 m^2 with those in another 10 structures,it totals 1738 m^2.Most of them are made in the Ming Dynasty,it was painted with mineral pigments.For 500 years and more the colours were still bright and dazzling beautiful. 22 samples of pigment applied in Qutan Temple murals,through analyzed by X-ray diffraction and isotope X-ray fluorescent,showed that the painting pigments had 5 colours. they are : White:Lead White,Chalk,Gypsum. Red:Vermillion,Minium,Litharge,Red Clay. Blue:Azurite,Lapis-lazuli. Green:Malachite,Atacamite. Brownlsh-black:Chinese ink.PbO_2. In addition,most of the pigments contain quartz,mica and talcum.The fact worthy to be motioned is that some lead pigments had not only those of colours-unchanged as white lead and red lead but colour changed material such as PbO_2.

关 键 词：青海瞿昙寺 X-射线衍射 同位素 X 荧光 颜料分析 

分 类 号：K87[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] G264[历史地理—历史学]