女真语中的外来语成分(上)  

Words of Foreign Origin in Jurchen Language(1st)

作　　者：五月[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古电视台,内蒙古呼和浩特010058

出　　处：《满语研究》2004年第1期17-23,共7页Manchu Studies

摘　　要：女真语是阿尔泰语系满—通古斯语族语言的一个古老语支。从 10世纪到 15世纪初 ,女真语经历了文字语言到非文字语言的过程 ,最终被满语代替。女真语虽然成为一种死语言 ,但历史上遗留下了许多女真语言资料。在整理和搜集这些女真语言资料当中发现女真语中保存着很多突厥语、契丹语、蒙古语、汉语借词成分 ,其中蒙古语借词比较多 ,而且保留着古代蒙古语的一些词法特点 ,这些女真语中外来语成分的研究不仅对女真族历史的研究具有重要意义 。Jurchen language is an ancient branch of Manchu-Tungusic group of Altai language family. From the 10th century to the early 15th, it had experienced a transition from a language with written words to a non-word one, and finally was replaced by Manchu. Although Jurchen had been an extinguished language, there still remained a lot of its language materials including many foreign words from Turki, Khitan, Mongolian and Chinese. The words from Mongolian are most, and the morphological features in ancient Mongolian could be also found here. The study on these foreign words is of importance to the research of both Jurchen history and Manchu-Tungusic languages history as well.

关 键 词：女真语 外来词 突厥语借词 契丹语借词 蒙古语借词 汉语借词 

分 类 号：H221[语言文字—少数民族语言]