高咖啡碱含量的特异茶树种质资源的筛选  

Screening Specific Germplasm Resources of Tea Plant with High Caffeine Content

作　　者：杨春[1,2] 罗军武[1] 陈涛林[1] 龚雪 何萍 王庆 王汉超[1] 冉立群[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学教育部茶学重点实验室,湖南长沙410128 [2]贵州省茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [3]山东日照碧波茶业有限公司,山东日照276800

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2013年第9期9-12,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省教育厅研究生科研创新项目(CX2010B278)

摘　　要：以江华苦茶群体品种资源为试验材料,依外部形态特征初步筛选出100份表现型较优的单株。用高效液相色谱法,分析检测这100个单株的春梢、夏梢、秋梢的咖啡碱含量,并从中筛选出高咖啡碱含量的茶树特异资源。结果表明:茶树新梢咖啡碱含量在不同单株间差异很大;春梢、夏梢、秋梢咖啡碱含量平均分别为3.71%、4.37%、4.20%;江华苦茶资源咖啡碱含量季节性变化表现较为一致,100份样品中,有56%的茶树咖啡碱含量表现为夏梢>秋梢>春梢;显著性差异分析表明,春季新梢的咖啡碱含量与夏季、秋季存在显著性差异,夏秋两季间不存在显著性差异。从中选取春、夏、秋三季咖啡碱含量平均值高于5.00%的单株4株(7号、53号、55号、98号),作为高咖啡碱含量茶树特异资源,用于品种遗传改良或直接提取咖啡碱。In order to screen special germplasm resources of tea plant with high caffeine content,the population of Camellia sinensis var.assamica cv.Jianghua was utilized as material to screened 100 plants with relatively great performances based on external morphological characters,and then using high-efficiency liquid chromatography(HPLC) to analyze the caffeine content in spring shoot,summer shoot and autumn shoot of the 100 tea plants.The results showed that there was a huge difference in caffeine content of tea shoots among different plants;the caffeine content in spring shoot,summer shoot and autumn shoot was 3.71%,4.37% and 4.20%,respectively;the seasonal changes in caffeine content of Camellia sinensis var.assamica cv.Jianghua resources were relatively consistent,the caffeine content in 56% of the resources showed a order of summer shoot>autumn shoot>spring shoot;the significant difference analysis showed that the caffeine content in spring shoot was significantly different with that in summer shoot and autumn shoot,but there was no significant difference in caffeine content between summer shoot and autumn shoot.In the end,four tea plants(No.7,No.53,No.55 and No.98) of which the average value of caffeine content in spring,summer and autumn all higher than 5.00% were chosen as the specific tea tree resources with high caffeine content to improve tea variety or to extract caffeine directly.

关 键 词：苦茶 咖啡碱 种质资源 江华 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]