内蒙古赤峰大南沟新石器时代墓地的发掘  

A Neolithic Graveyard Excavated at Danangou,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia

作　　者：项春松 

机构地区：[1]赤峰市博物馆 副研究员

出　　处：《文物》1997年第4期18-33,2,共17页Cultural Relics

摘　　要：大南沟新石器时代墓地,位于内蒙古东南部今赤峰市翁牛特旗解放营子乡二道杖房大南沟村(图一),地处海拔800余米的“石棚山”顶部。墓地地势由北向南倾斜,常年水土流失严重,有些墓葬已被雨水冲毁扰乱,人骨及随葬器物暴露于地表。 1977年夏,村民在山上采集到石环、蚌饰、石斧等文物(编入本报告的M1),随即笔者进行了两次实地调查,确认这是一处面积较大、时代较早、保存较好的原始社会公共墓地。The cemetery was found on a hill near Danangou Village, Jiefangyingzi Township, Wengniute Banner,Inner Mongolia,and the excavation took place in 1977. The cemetery was divided into three parts coded as A,B and C. Its 77 tombs were well arranged,and no superimposition and mutual intrusion were discovered. They were either of a vertical earthen shaft structure or a semi catacomb structure. Each pit contains single or two corpses either lying on their back or flexed or burned or without skeleton and skull. The headless burial was remarkable for three things:the good state of the rest of the body,the presence of a pottery jar or bowl in the place of the head,and the funerary objects whose amount was same or even larger than that of other burials. It seems that the dead were the tribal heroes losing their lives in war. Or it is possible that the burial was related with some religious rite whose purpose remains unknown.The unearthed objects include painted pottery vase in the shape of a bird,pottery vase with double mouths, pottery jar with large handles, flint arrowhead and stone knife with bone hilt,all impressive for their good craftsmanship.The graveyard belongs to the highland type of the late Hongshan culture of Neolithic age.

关 键 词：新石器时代 随葬器物 墓葬 平底型 出土 人骨 细石器 陶器 翁牛特旗 红山文化 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]