华南地区新石器时代早期文化的类型与分期  

THE TYPOLOGY AND PERIODIZATION OF THE EARLY NEOLITHIC IN SOUTH CHINA

作　　者：戴国华 

机构地区：[1]厦门市博物馆

出　　处：《考古学报》1989年第3期263-274,共12页Acta Archaeologica Sinica

摘　　要：1935年,裴文中教授考察广西新生代地层时,在武鸣的苞桥、芭勋、腾翔和桂林北门附近发现四处洞穴遗址。在洞穴内的灰土堆积中,出土有打制石器、磨制石器和穿孔砾石,伴出动物皆为现生种,骨骼石化程度很浅,这"显然应该属于一个相当年轻的时代",当把它定为"中石器时代(?)"遗存。这是华南地区最早发现的新石器时代早期文化遗存。迄今五十多年来,我们已在华南地区发现了几十处、上百个地点的新石器时代早期文化遗址。它们的共同特征是,大量打制石器与磨制石器、夹砂粗陶器共存。这种文化遗存广泛分布于整个华南地区(包括江西、广西、广东、福建、台湾等省区),年代延续很久,从距今大约一万年到六、七千年前。根据大量资料的发现和积累。South China generally refers to the southern regions of China, namely Jiangxi, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong and Guanggi. Here relics of the early Neolithic have been discovered at dozens of sites and over 100 localities up to date. They can be classified into two major types: the coastal type and inland type, with both common and specific characters as they are different regional types of the same cultural system. The coastal type can be further divided into the following two periods: the Haileidong Cave period, about 10000 to 7500 year before the present, found having only chipped stone artefacts similar to those of the early inland type or to polished ones of the late coastal type; and the Dabenkeng period, about 7000 to 6000 year before the present, with the appearance of polished stone artefacts and coarse sandy pottery. The inland type can be further divided into the following three periods: The Upper Dushizai period, about 10000 to 9000 year before the present, with chipped stone artefacts in the majority and polished and perorated ones in a small number; the Lower Xianrendong Cave period, about 9000 to 7600 year before the present, with polished stone artefacts increasing and wholly polished ones and coarse sandy pottery coming into being; and the Upper Xianrendong Cave period, about 7600 to 7000 year before the present, with polished stone artefacts dominating and chipped ones remaining in a considerable number, clay pottery appearing in small amounts, and shouldered stone tools and the stamped pottery being in their embryonic stage.

关 键 词：华南地区 新石器时代早期 磨制石器 打制石器 早期文化 沿海区 仙人洞 洞穴遗址 分期 文化遗存 

分 类 号：K85[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]