新生儿视觉分辨能力的研究  

A STUDY OF VISUAL DISCRIMINATI0N ABILITIES OF NEONATES

作　　者：冯晓梅[1] 张晓冬[1] 张厚粲[1] 徐雅文[2] 张之芬 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学 [2]北京友谊医院

出　　处：《心理学报》1988年第3期253-259,共7页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：本研究的目的是用习惯化方法探讨新生儿视觉辨别能力的发展水平。一个由176名新生儿组成的样本在北京友谊医院随机取得。被试年龄在出生8分钟至13天之间。所有被试都是正常、健康的、处于觉醒状态的新生儿。实验材料是8张图片,其图案为:灰圆、红圆、黑色环形图、正常人脸、怪脸及3张黑白相间的栅条图形。这些图形随机配对组成10对,以作对比。实验结果表明:从出生起,新生儿就能对不同图案的图形进行视觉辨别;新生儿在一定程度上发展起颜色分辨的能力;两个图形,只在一个维度上相异时,较容易被新生儿辨别,新生儿的视觉分辨能力与其性别无显著相关。This paper explores the developmental level of visual discriminationabilities of new-born babies by utilizing habituation method. A sampleof 176 neonates were randomly selected from the infants born in BeijingFriendship Hospital. The subjects' ages ranged from 8 minutes to 13 days.All the babies were awake and in normal physical condition when tested. Theexperimental materials consisted of 8 pictures with the following patterns:grey circle, red circle, black annulation, normal human face, abnormalhuman face, and three kinds of alternate white and black stripes ofdifferent widths. These original pictures were grouped by combining theminto 10 pairs for comaprison. The results indicate: From the time of birth the infants are able tovisually discriminate some pictures with different patterns; the new-born babies have also developed colour discrimination abilities to a certainextent; two pictures, different only in one dimension, are easier for neona-tes to distinguish; newborn babies' visual discrimination capabilities arenot significantly correlated with their sex.

关 键 词：习惯化 辨别能力 方法探讨 新生儿 觉醒状态 视觉刺激 注视时间 发展水平 显著相关 颜色知觉 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]