试论区域的系统研究  

AN EXPLORATION ON THE SYSTEM APPROACHES TO REGIONS

作　　者：浦汉昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理研究所

出　　处：《地理研究》1986年第3期69-75,共7页Geographical Research

摘　　要：本文运用系统科学的观点与地理学的方法相结合研究区域,并以京津地区的研究为试点,探索区域系统研究的理论与方法。The system approaches to regions are mainly useing system theory and system analysis and associating regional theories of geography and other scien-ces.They emphasize the holistic approach to essential of attributes of regions and active charactertics and attempt to explicate the structure and function of the regional and system characteristics of energy flows and matter cycles and spacial dif f erentiation.A region is a large open system which contains abiotic, biotic materials and human beings. The system as a part of the earth's surface is just the dissipative structure, according to the theory presented by the Belgian physicist 1.Prigogine, Because of human activity, a striking attribute of the regional system is its inflow of subsidised energy and matter besides the flow of solar energy as negative entropy flux.The regional system as dissipative structure has its own evolutionary his-tory.It has been evolving gradually from physical system to ecosystem, at last to human ecosystem. Human ecosystem has been referred to socio-economical system with all its regional environment i. e. physicalsystem and natural ecosystem or physico-ecosystem. The important task of research on the regional system is to explore the relationship between physico-ecosystem and socio-economical system and to find a war to manage and coordinate the development of socio-economical system with its environment.Ceoecological classification and regionalization are best ways to recognize spacial order of the regional system. According to our experiences in Beijing area, the author suggests a genetic geoecological classification system. The principle of this classification system has been mainly considered the quality and quantity of the input energy of geoecological type (landscape) . For example, mountain solar-powered ecosystem, mountain man subsidized solar-powered ecosystem, plain fuel-powered urban industrial ecosystem etc. have been divided. Cluster analysis has been applied to this classification and regionalization in Beijing area.Sys

关 键 词：人类生态系统 社会经济系统 地球表层 农业生态系统 地理类型 自然地理系统 耗散结构 系统研究 区域系统 地理学 

分 类 号：P9[天文地球—自然地理学]