3-6岁儿童颜色及图形视觉辨认实验研究  

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON COLOR AND FIGURE DISCRIMINATION OF 3—6 YEAR OLD CHILDREN

作　　者：张增慧[1] 林仲贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所

出　　处：《心理学报》1983年第4期461-468,共8页Acta Psychologica Sinica

摘　　要：本研究对120名学前儿童(3—6岁)进行了12种颜色和12种图形的辨认实验。实验刺激用速示器分三种速度(0.01秒、0.05秒、0.1秒)呈现。结果表明:呈现速度对辨认正确率有着明显的影响。3—6岁儿童对颜色和图形的辨认能力均随年龄增长而逐步提高。学前儿童对颜色的辨别,在三种呈现速度条件下,均以对黄、红、绿三色的辨认正确率为最高;对图形的辨认在不同呈现速度条件下出现优势与劣势图形之分。优势图形正确辨认百分比较高,而劣势图形则较低,这种优劣势图形的产生可能与图形的空间结构特性及进行言语“句子化”编码的难易有着密切关系。In this paper, perceptual discriminations of twelve colors and twelvefigures were studied for 3--6 year old children. Three exposure timesfor each color and each figure were used in the experiments, i. e. 0.01 sec,0.05 sec, and 0.1 sec in random order. From the results, it is seen thatthere are significant influences of the exposure time on color and figurediscrimination. The effect of exposure time on figure discrimination wasmore pronounced for younger children. The ability of color and figurediscrimination of 3--6 year old children increased with age stepby step. The ability of color discrimination of pre-school children, underthree exposure times, the correct discriminative percentage of yellow, red,green are the highest. The difficulties of correct discrimination of the 12figures are not the same, some are easier and some are more difficult, thesedifferences may be correlated with the spatial character of figures and thedifficulty of coding through the medium of words.

关 键 词：图形辨认 颜色 学前儿童 正确率 呈现时间 百分比 辨认能力 实验结果 速度 视觉辨认 

分 类 号：B[哲学宗教]