发光细菌毒性测试条件的优化与毒性参照物的应用  

Optimization of Luminescent Bacteria Toxicity Test and Application of Toxicity Reference Substance

作　　者：王丽莎[1] 魏东斌[1] 胡洪营[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学环境科学与工程系环境模拟与污染控制国家重点联合实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2004年第4期61-62,66,共3页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：科技部重大基础研究项目(G199045711);国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2001BA610A-05B2);国家自然科学基金资助项目(20277025)

摘　　要：针对传统发光细菌毒性测试方法中存在的结果重现性不高、使用剧毒物质氯化汞作为毒性参照物容易造成环境污染等问题,通过一系列实验优化了发光细菌生物毒性测试的条件:适宜pH值为5 0～9 0,最佳暴露时间为20min。同时筛选出了Zn2+作为毒性参照物代替传统方法中的剧毒物质HgCl2。Zn2+具有毒性中等、结果稳定、价格便宜等诸多优点。而且Zn2+与HgCl2的毒性之间存在一定相关性:Zn2+毒性为HgCl2毒性的1 12 5。采用Zn2+作为参照物不仅可以方便地表征不同化学物质的毒性,而且可以直观地表征复杂环境样品的毒性,是一种简便可行的方法。In the traditional luminescent bacteria toxicity test,the test result is not stable and the use of virulent substance HgCl_2 as the toxicity reference substance engenders environmental pollution.In order to solve these problems,the experimental conditions were optimized by a series of experiments and the results indicated that the pH value of the samples should be adjusted to 5.0～9.0 and the best exposure time was 20 min.At the same time,zinc ion was selected as a toxicity reference substance to replace HgCl_2.The advantages of using Zn^(2+) as the reference substance are less environmental pollution,more stable result and lower price,etc.Furthermore,there is a quantitative relationship between the toxicity of Zn^(2+) and the toxicity of HgCl_2.The toxicity ratio of Zn^(2+) to HgCl_2 is about 1/12.5.Using Zn^(2+) as the toxicity reference substance is a convenient and feasible method to represent the toxicity of both chemicals and complex environmental samples.

关 键 词：发光细菌 生物毒性测试 毒性参照物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]