海水养殖环境中拟除虫菊酯类农药降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究  

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF A BACTERIA STRAIN DEGRADING PYRETHROID INSECTICIDE IN MARICULTURE

作　　者：孙爱丽[1] 刘菁华[1] 史西志[1] 张蓉蓉[1] 肖婷婷[1] 李德祥[1] 陈炯[1] 唐道军[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学海洋学院应用海洋生物技术教育部重点实验室,宁波315211

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2014年第2期363-369,共7页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：浙江省公益性技术应用研究计划项目;2013C33091号;国家星火计划项目;2013GA701025号;宁波大学学科基金;xkl11D2098号;xkl11091号

摘　　要：从近岸海水养殖环境中分离获得一株能高效降解氯氰菊酯(Cypermethrin,CYP)和溴氰菊酯(Deltamethrin,DEL)的菌株HS-10,经生理生化和16S rDNA分析,初步鉴定其为假交替单胞菌(Pseudoalteromonas sp.)。不同降解条件下的实验结果表明,菌株HS-10在pH 7.0、温度28°C的环境中具有较好的生长和降解效率,在该条件下,对初始浓度为100mg/L的CYP和DEL的降解效率分别为75.6%和90.9%。进一步采用发光细菌和核磁共振(NMR)方法对菌株HS-10的降解产物进行分析,结果表明,CYP和DEL主要通过微生物降解消除,其降解产物的毒性显著降低。同时,考察了菌株HS-10对氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯、联苯菊酯(BIF)、氟氯氰菊酯(CYF)和氰戊菊酯(FEN)5种拟除虫菊酯类农药(浓度分别为100mg/L)的降解效率,结果表明,对5种农药的降解率均达到50%以上,本研究获得的菌株HS-10可用于海水养殖环境中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留污染的生物修复。Strain HS-10, a pyrethroid insecticide-degrading bacterium, was isolated from an offshore mariculture. The strain was identified as Pseudoalteromonas sp. and found capable of degrading cypermethrin(CYP) and deltamethrin(DEL) determined in physiology and biochemistry and its 16S rDNA sequence. The optimal culture and degradation conditions were: concentration at 100mg/L, pH 7.0, and 28℃, under which the degradation rate was 75.6% and 90.9% for CYP and DEL, respectively. Furthermore, the metabolic intermediates were analyzed in a luminescent bacteria test and NMR; and the result provides strong evidence that CYP and DEL were removed in mainly a biological process, and toxicity of the degraded products was significantly decreased. Meanwhile, under the optimum conditions, the degradation efficiency by strain HS-10 reached >50% against five pyrethroid insecticides at concentration 100mg/L, including CYP, DEL, bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, and fenvalerate. Therefore, strain HS-10 is a potential agent for biological remediation to marine aquatic environments polluted by pyrethroid insecticides.

关 键 词：拟除虫菊酯类农药 降解菌 海水养殖环境 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X592