光照强度对北京油鸡激素分泌、生产性能及胴体性能的影响  

Effects of Light Intensity on Beijing-You Chicken'Hormone Secretion, Production Performance and Carcass Performance

作　　者：华登科[1,2] 李冬立[3] 孙研研[2] 唐诗[2] 白皓[2] 刘念[2] 刘冉冉[2] 郑麦青[2] 赵桂苹[2] 文杰[2] 陈国宏[1] 陈继兰[2] 

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,扬州225009 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,农业部畜禽资源与种质创新重点试验室,北京100193 [3]北京市百年栗园生态农业有限公司,北京101500

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2014年第5期775-780,共6页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家肉鸡产业技术体系(CARS-42);北京市科技计划课题(D121100003612001)

摘　　要：本试验采用LED(Light-emitting diodes)灯作为人工光源,研究4种光照强度下黄羽肉鸡的激素分泌、生产性能和胴体性能的差异,以确定不影响肉鸡性能的最低光照强度。试验选取1 728只1日龄北京油鸡,平均分配到4个处理中,每个处理12个重复,每个重复36只鸡(公母各半,15只·m-2)。第1周的光照强度为20lx,从第2周开始将4个处理的光照强度分别设置为1、10、30和50lx。在第5、9和13周龄末,以每个重复为单位,统计耗料量和体增重。计算1~5周、6~9周、10~13周以及1~13周耗料量、体增重和料重比。结果表明,1~13周的体增重和料重比,各组间未出现显著差异(P】0.05);1lx组的耗料量显著高于30和50lx组(P【0.05)。饲养至13周龄时采集血样,通过ELISA法检测血清中生长激素和褪黑激素含量,并抽样进行屠宰。结果发现,2种激素的含量受光照强度影响的变化趋势相同,50lx组的激素分泌量显著低于其他3组(P【0.05);光照强度对屠宰率、腿肌率、胸肌率、腹脂率以及眼球指标(重量、横径和前后径)都没有显著影响(P】0.05)。结合前期结果,当光照强度在5~30lx范围变化时,黄羽肉鸡的生产性能、胴体性能以及生长相关激素的分泌没有发生显著的变化,因此建议在生产实践中采用5~30lx光照强度,选择较低强度既可保持黄羽肉鸡的生产性能且可以节能。Using LED(Light-emitting diodes)as light sources,four different light intensities were taken in this trial to study their effects on Beijing-You chicken'hormone secretion,production performance and carcass performance,in order to find the best light intensity for Beijing-You chicken.1 728 1-day-old Beijing-You chicken were randomly distributed into 4treatments,each treatment included 12replicate groups with 36chicks per group(15birds per m2).All chicks were exposed to 20lx of light intensity for the first week,and then followed by 4different light intensi-ty treatments(1,10,30and 50lx)until 13weeks of age.At the end of 5,9and 13weeks of age, body weight gain(BWG),feed intake(FI)and feed intake:body weight gain(F/B)of each group were determined,respectively.Then,the FI,BWG and F/B were calculated during the 1-5week, 6-9week,10-13week and 1-13week.At 13weeks of age,12birds(half were male)per treatment were randomly chosen to detect the serum levels of Growth Hormone(GH)and Melatonin(Mel) using ELISA.6birds(half were male)per group were processed to estimate the carcass traits. For the whole growth stage(1-13week),light intensity had no significant effect on BWG and F/B(P>0.05),but the FI of 1lx group was extremely higher than that of 30and 50lx groups(P<0.05). The effects of light intensity on the levels of GH and Mel were the same,the levels of GH and MEL in 50 lx group was extremely lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05).Light intensity had no significant effect on all the carcass traits(P>0.05),including dressing percentage,eviscerated percentage,breast meat percentage,thigh meat percentage,and abdominal fat percentage,the eye weight and diameters(sideto-side and back-to-front).Considering the previous results,when light intensity changed from 5to 30lx, it had no significant effects on Beijing-You chicken'production performance,carcass traits and the secretion of GH and Mel.As a result,the 5-30lx of light intensity can be recommended in practice,low intensity light can keep the performance and save electric

关 键 词：光照强度 北京油鸡 生产性能 胴体性能 生长激素 褪黑激素 

分 类 号：S831.4[农业科学—畜牧学]