饲粮胆碱水平对绍兴鸭脂质代谢的影响  

Effect of Choline Level in Diet on Lipid Metabolism in Shaoxing Ducks during the Initial Egg-laying Period

作　　者：马维英[1,2] 王爽[3] 沈军达[2] 林映才[3] 徐翼虎 雒秋江[1] 卢立志[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学动物科学学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]浙江省农科院畜牧兽医研究所,杭州310021 [3]广东省农业科学院畜牧研究所,广州510640 [4]浙江武义田歌实业有限公司,武义321200

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》2014年第2期233-242,共10页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系项目(CARS-43-2);畜禽健康养殖创新团队(2010R50027)

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮不同胆碱水平对绍兴鸭脂质代谢的影响,并探究产蛋鸭最佳的日粮胆碱水平。采用单因子随机分组试验设计,在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中分别添加5个胆碱水平(0、250、500、750、1 000mg·kg-1),探讨饲粮中添加不同水平胆碱对绍兴鸭脂质代谢的影响。试验选用刚进入产蛋期的绍兴鸭540只,分为5组,每组6个重复,每重复18只,饲养20周。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加胆碱显著降低了试验鸭肝和胸肌中粗脂肪和胆固醇的含量(P<0.05),各组间肝体比和胸体比无显著差异(P>0.05)。2)随着饲粮胆碱水平的提高蛋中胆固醇的含量显著降低(P<0.05),粗脂肪含量显著升高(P<0.05)。3)饲粮添加胆碱显著降低了试验鸭肝和胸肌中饱和脂肪酸(SFA)的比例(P<0.01),显著升高了试验鸭肝和胸肌中单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)和多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)的比例(P<0.01)。4)饲粮不同胆碱水平对绍兴鸭血浆中胆碱(Ch)含量、脂肪酶活力(LPS)、极低密度脂蛋白(VLDL)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、血清磷脂(PL)、游离脂肪酸(NEFA)、总胆固醇含量(T-CHO)、碱性磷酸酶活性(AKP)没有显著影响。由此可知,基础饲粮中添加一定量的胆碱可降低蛋鸭肝和胸肌中胆固醇和粗脂肪的含量,降低蛋中胆固醇的含量,影响肝和胸肌中不同脂肪酸的比例。This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different choline levels on cholesterol and crude fat in liver,muscle and egg,fatty acids in liver,muscle,biochemical indicators in blood of Shaoxing ducks,and to explore the optimal choline level in the diet of laying ducks.The single factor randomly group design was used in this study.540(during the initial egg-laying period)Shaoxing ducks were randomly assigned to 5dietary trearments.Each treatment consisted of 6replicates with 18birds per replicate.The experiment lasted for 20weeks.Five groups were supplemented with 0,250,500,750and 1 000mg·kg-1 choline chloride in the basal diets,respectively.The results showed as follows:1)Compared to the control group,supplemental choline significantly reduced cholesterol and crude fat in liver and muscle(P<0.05);diets with choline did not affect the liver weight/duck weight and muscle weight/duck weight(P>0.05).2)Comparedto the control,with the increase of choline levels in diet cholesterol in egg significantly decreased(P <0.05),crude fat in egg significantly increased(P <0.05).3)Supplemental choline significantly decreased content of saturated fatty acids(SFA)in liver and breast muscle(P< 0.01);significantly improved content of monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA)and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)in liver,breast muscle(P<0.01).4)Choline had no significant effects on LPS, Ch,VLDL,LDL-C,HDL-C,TG,PL,NEFA,T-CHO,AKP in blood.The results suggest that supplementing the diet with choline reduces cholesterol and crude fat content in liver,muscle and egg,decrease SFA content in liver and muscle,and improve MUFA,PUFA content in liver,muscle.

关 键 词：绍兴鸭 胆碱 胆固醇 粗脂肪 脂肪酸 血液指标 

分 类 号：S834.5[农业科学—畜牧学]