九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)耐低盐与生长性状的遗传参数评估  

ESTIMATION OF GENETIC PARAMETER FOR LOW SALINITY TOLERANCE AND GROWTH OF HALIOTIS DIVERSICOLOR SUPERTEXTA

作　　者：蒋湘[1] 刘建勇[1] 赖志服 

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学水产学院,湛江524025 [2]汕尾市红海湾新海生养殖有限公司,汕尾516600

出　　处：《海洋与湖沼》2014年第3期104-109,542,共6页Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica

基　　金：广东省海洋与渔业局海洋渔业推广专项项目;A200899E04号;A201001H05号;A201101B05号

摘　　要：采用不平衡巢式设计方法和人工授精技术,1个雄九孔鲍(Haliotis diversicolor supertexta)配3个雌九孔鲍,建立12个半同胞家系和36个全同胞家系,各家系养殖240d后统计每个家系生长性状,并分别从所建立36家系中随机选取40个稚鲍,在盐度16下进行耐盐实验,48h后统计各个家系的存活率,应用约束最大似然法(Restricted Maximum Likelihood Method,REML)估算九孔鲍体重,壳宽,壳长与耐低盐性状的遗传参数。结果表明,九孔鲍稚鲍在240日龄时,壳长、壳宽和体重遗传力为中等遗传力,估计值分别为0.18±0.04,0.13±0.06,0.18±0.15;耐低盐性状遗传力较低,估计值为0.056±0.022,48h家系的平均存活率为0.44±0.23。壳长,壳宽,体重与耐低盐性状的表型相关与遗传相关系数分别为?0.04—?0.156和?0.03—0.14,呈负相关关系,检验不显著。结果证明,对九孔鲍生长性状与耐低盐性状进行改良时,可采用复合育种技术,以加快育种进程。Genetic parameters of shell length,shell width,and body weight,and resistance to low salinity for Haliotis diversicolor supertexta were studied in REML(restricted maximum likelihood method).In our unbalanced nest design,12 half-sib families and 36 full-sib families of H.diversicolor supertexta were selected in artificial fertilization.Sires were mated with three dams,while each dam was mated to one sire.All the families were cultured in same conditions in 240 days,and then the shell length,shell width,and body weight were measured on 40 individuals that randomly selected from each of the 36 families for low salinity tolerance study.The trait of low-salinity resistance for each family was revealed by calculating the survival rate of animals that challenged in low salinity at 16 for 48 h.The results show that the heritabilities of shell length,width,and body weight in 240-day-old animals were 0.18±0.04,0.13±0.06,and 0.18±0.15,respectively.The heritability was estimated at 0.056±0.022,intermediate; average survival rate of whole families 0.44±0.23; and the phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients were –0.04~–0.156 and –0.03~0.14,respectively.No significant correlation between main growth traits and survival rate was found.Therefore,combined breeding techniques are suggested for genetic improvement of production and resistance traits in the future.

关 键 词：九孔鲍 生长性状 性状遗传力 遗传参数估计 数量性状 参数评估 半同胞家系 存活率 低盐 全同胞家系 

分 类 号：P7[天文地球—海洋科学] P9