野皂荚胚乳细胞多糖胶破壁释放过程研究  

Process of polysaccharide gum release from Gleditsia microphylla seed endosperm by cell disruption.

作　　者：蒋建新[1] 菅红磊[1] 张卫明[2] 朱莉伟[1] 孙达峰[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学材料科学与技术学院,林业生物质材料与能源教育部工程研究中心 [2]南京野生植物综合利用研究院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2009年第S1期71-76,共6页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771685);“十一五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD06B05)

摘　　要：该文研究了野皂荚种子胚乳微观结构和细胞多糖胶的破壁释放过程。结果表明:多糖胶以细胞壁加厚的方式贮存在细胞壁上,细胞壁加厚明显,细胞形态多为长条形;原生质体收缩加重,可见到质壁分离和胞间连丝。通过对胚乳细胞水合和挤压破壁,多糖胶的黏度可提高61.7%,水合时最佳加水比为1.1,多糖胶破壁释放增黏时,下对轧辊间隙为0.10 mm;制粉时制粉机工作温度应控制在40~50℃,最佳接粉率为80%。原多糖胶粒径为200目时胶液黏度最大,而增黏多糖胶粒径为150目左右时胶液黏度达到最大值。血球记数板检测表明,增黏多糖胶中完整胚乳细胞个数比原多糖胶少35%。The endosperm microstructure and the release of polysaccharide gum by cell disruption from Gleditsia microphylla seeds were studied.The results showed that the polysaccharide gum accumulated on the cell wall through thickening cell wall,and the thickening was obvious.The cells were largely stick-shaped.Plasmolysis and plasmodesma were observed because of shrinkage of the protoplasts.The viscosity of 1% polysaccharide gum solutions had been improved by 61.7% by pressing the hydrated endosperm.The optimum ratio of water to endosperm in the hydration was about 1.1.The clearance between lower rolls of roller machine was about 0.10?mm.In the grinding process,the temperature of grinder was controlled at 40-50℃,and the optimum powder receiving rate was 80%.The size of the maximum viscosity of primary polysaccharide gum was 200?meshes,and that of polysaccharide gum after cell-disruption release was 150?meshes.The analyses by hemocytometer showed that the number of complete endosperm cells in the polysaccharide gum after cell-disruption release was about 35% lower than that in the primary polysaccharide gum.

关 键 词：野皂荚 胚乳细胞 多糖胶 破壁释放 

分 类 号：S793.9[农业科学—林木遗传育种]