氨气对大鼠呼吸系统的影响  

THE EFFECT OF AMMONIA ON RAT'S RESPIRATORY ORGANS

作　　者：张帆[1] 杨幼明[1] 程鸿[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海医科大学实验动物部

出　　处：《实验动物与比较医学》1991年第4期208-211,共4页Laboratory Animal and Comparative Medicine

摘　　要：SD系大鼠分别用10、20、40及170ppm浓度氨连续吸入染毒108天,在30、55及108天分别对染毒鼠进行呼吸器官组织病理学检查。20ppm组染毒55及108天者,发现鼻腔内侧鼻甲呼吸上皮、嗅上皮纤毛脱落,细胞坏死,粘膜下炎细胞浸润;40、70ppm组染毒30天后,已出现鼻腔内侧鼻甲的损伤。10ppm组无异常发现。各染毒组肺、气管与对照组相比无差别。鼻腔粘膜的损伤程度与氨浓度及染毒时间有关。The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of ammonia gas for respir-atory organs of rats at various concentrations and exposure duration. Meanwhile, theexposure conditions were evaluated when isolators were used as the inhalation exposureequipments. 120 rats were divided into five groups randomly. One group was used ascontrol and the others were exposed to ammonia at 10, 20, 40 and 170 ppm respect-ively. The respiratory organs were sampled for histopathological study on 30, 55,and 108 days post exposure. The result showed that histopathological changes werefound in rats that had been exposed to 170 ppm NH_3 after 30 days, such as severeloss of cilia, squamous metaplasia, ulceration and necrosis with variable inflammationof the subepithelial tissue in upper respiratory tract, exudate in the nasal passage.Noticeable lesion in upper respiratory tract, especially in nasal cavity, were seen inrats exposed to ammonia at 20 ppm for 108 days. No changes were found in otherexaminations at this concentration. When the ammonia concentration was 10 ppm, noeffects were observed in rats exposed for 108 days. Therefore, the effects of ammoniaat 20 ppm and histopathological changes in the nasal of rats was the most sensitiveindicator for ammonia at low concentration.

关 键 词：氨浓度 大鼠 呼吸器官 

分 类 号：R[医药卫生] Q95[生物学—动物学]