基于球谐递归关系的球阵列多声源定位方法  

Multiple Acoustic Sources Localization based on Recursive Relationship of Spherical Harmonics with Spherical Arrays

作　　者：宋涛[1] 黄青华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学通信与信息工程学院,上海200072

出　　处：《新型工业化》2013年第2期16-22,共7页The Journal of New Industrialization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61001160);博士点基金项目(20093108120018)

摘　　要：提出了一种利用球麦克风阵列的多声源定位方法。首先采用球傅里叶变换将空域阵列信号模型变换到球谐域,利用子空间分解技术得到球谐域的信号子空间和噪声子空间。再根据球谐函数之间的递归关系,划分信号子空间使之具有旋转不变性质,从而估计入射到球阵列的声源信号的方位角和俯仰角。仿真结果表明,本算法计算量小,可以精确估计多声源的信号方位。并且,由于球麦克风阵列具有三维空间旋转对称结构的优点,对声场采样更加充分,比均匀圆阵的定位更有优势。This paper presents a new method for the localization of multiple acoustic sources using spherical microphone arrays. The space-time array signal model is transformed into spherical harmonic domain by spherical Fourier transform(SFT). Then subspace decomposition technique is used to obtain signal and noise subspace in the domain. By relying on the recursive relationship of spherical harmonics, we devide the signal subspace and it posses the displacement invariances which could be used to estimate both the azimuth and elevation angles of acoustic sources that imping on the spherical arrays. Simulations demonstrated that this algorithm has a high accuracy of estimating multiple acoustic sources with low computational complexity. Moreover, spherical microphone arrays have the advantage of spherical symmetrical structure, facilitating 3-D direction-of-arrival(DOA) estimation, which is superior to uniform circular arrays(UCA).

关 键 词：球麦克风阵列 球谐域 波达方向估计 声源定位 

分 类 号：TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术] TN9[电子电信—信息与通信工程]