旱涝急转对生产、生活与生态的影响及应对措施效果分析——以安徽省巢湖市槐林镇为例  

IMPACTS OF SUDDEN DROUGHT TO FLOOD CHANGE ON MANUFACTURE LIVELIHOOD AND ECOLOGY——A CASE STUDY FROM HUAILIN TOWN OF CHAOHU,ANHUI PROVINCE

作　　者：牛建利[1] 何紫云 张天宇[1] 陈锡云[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学地理学与遥感科学学院,北京100875

出　　处：《长江流域资源与环境》2013年第S1期108-115,共8页Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金北京师范大学地理学基地项目(J1103403);教育部国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(104-105602)

摘　　要：长江中下游春旱夏涝及旱涝急转时常发生,对该区工农业生产及人民生活和自然生态系统产生灾害性的影响。如何采取合理措施,降低负面影响是该区面临的重大问题。针对2010年秋季到2011夏季长江流域的旱涝急转现象,以巢湖槐林镇为例,就该次干旱、旱涝急转和洪涝的链式灾害性天气过程对生产、生活、生态的影响与应对措施及其效果等问题进行调研与分析。结果表明:该次灾害性天气过程对槐林镇生产、生活及生态的影响相对较小,对农业的影响相对最为严重,对第二、第三产业基本无影响。成功的管理模式、完善的水利措施、准确及时的天气信息发布、抗旱技术指导、经济扶持政策等是当地减少损失的成功经验。由此可见,长江中下游地区旱涝急转频发区,旱涝灾害的防控是一个系统工程,需要同时建立抗旱和防洪的基础设施与相应的应对管理措施。Flood and drought often happen in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin.How to reduce the negative impact is a crucial issue.In this paper,the drought and flood events happened at Huailin town of Chaohu city from autumn 2010 to summer 2011.Impacts of the drought and flood events on agricultural production,human life and ecological condition of vegetation were investigated.The results show as follows.Impacts on agricultural production,human life and ecological condition of vegetation at Huailin town were not serious as compared to other areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin.The successful management,perfect water conservancy measures,accurate weather forecast and information release,drought-resistant technical and economic support were the knack for disaster reduction.These experiences imply that the drought and flood disasters reduction at the middle reaches of the Yangtze River basin is a systematic engineering,which needs drought and flood reducing infrastructure as well as management strategies.

关 键 词：巢湖地区 旱涝急转 生产生活与生态 影响 应对措施 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]