美国大学课程审批制度述评  

Review on the Course Approval Process at American Universities

作　　者：叶信治[1] 林丽燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学教育学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《高等教育研究》2014年第4期94-102,共9页Journal of Higher Education

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(教育学)一般课题(BIA100071)

摘　　要：美国大学课程的创建、修改或取消需遵循一套严格的审批制度。美国大学课程审批制度具有审批过程的程序化、审批标准的综合化、审批主体的多元化等特点,它有助于优化资源配置、规范课程设置、保证课程的质量和价值,但也存在审批层级过多导致课程审批效率低下,学术管理和行政管理两条线分离影响课程的实际效果,倒金字塔型决策结构导致责任推卸等问题。其改进构想和实践包括减少课程审批层级并实现课程程序逆转、加强管理人员与学术人员的协作、强化课程审批者的权力和责任等。A set of strict course approval process was followed at American universities,including creating,modifying and removing courses.The course approval process of American universities had the features of approval process programming,approval standard integration and diversity of reviewers.It helps to optimize the allocation of resources,standardize the curriculum provision,and ensure the quality and value of course.However,multilevel process led to low efficiency;the distributed responsibility of academic management and administrative management produced harmful influence on the actual effectiveness of the curriculum;and,the current inverted pyramid structure often encouraged buck-passing.The improvement measures consisted of reducing curricular levels and inverting the process,strengthening communication and cooperation of the administrative personnel and academic staff and enhancing the responsibilities and power of the course reviewers.

关 键 词：美国大学 课程设置 课程审批制度 

分 类 号：G649.712[文化科学—高等教育学]